Amorphous calcium carbonate biomineralization in the earthworm’s calciferous gland: Pathways to the formation of crystalline phases

Gago-Duport, L.; Briones, M. J. I.; Rodrı́guez, Jaime; Covelo, Berta

doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2008.02.007

Cited by 117 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Two kinds of d-spacings of these nanocrystallites, 2.133 Å and 2.733 Å, were measured and can be indexed to the (004) and (102) planes of vaterite. Similar results were reported in biominerals of earthworm's calciferous gland by Gago-Duport et al [45], where vaterite nanocrystallites were developed in ACC particles. The short nanoneedle particles in the surroundings near the cores (see Figure 7d) are monocrystalline with only a very thin amorphous coating.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Formation Mechanism of CaCO3 Spherulites in the Myostracum Layer of Limpet Shells

Chiang

Zhou

2017

Crystals

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CaCO 3 spherulites were found in the myostracum layer of common limpet shells collected from East Sands, St Andrews, Scotland. Their microstructures were revealed by using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The formation mechanisms of these spherulites and their morphology evolution were postulated. It was proposed that spherical particles of an inorganic and biological composite formed first. In the centre of each spherical particle a double-layer disk of vaterite crystal sandwiching a biological sheet developed. The disk crystal supplies a relatively strong mirror symmetric dipole field, guiding the orientations of the nanocrystallites and the arrangement of mesorods and, therefore, determining the final morphology of the spherulite.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Formation Mechanism of CaCO3 Spherulites in the Myostracum Layer of Limpet Shells

Chiang

Zhou

2017

Crystals

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“…For example, mineralization of sea urchin embryonic spicules proceeds by accumulation of nanoparticles of an amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor, which subsequently transforms into a crystal of calcite (10,11). Similar amorphous-tocrystalline pathways occur in diverse biominerals, including sea urchin spines (12) and teeth (13), mammalian tooth enamel (14), vertebrate bones (15), crustacean exoskeletons (16), annelid calcareous concretions (17), and mollusk larval shells (18). Likewise, aggregation of poorly ordered precursors precedes formation of biogenic magnetite (19) and zeolites (20), and biomimetic polymers introduced as proxies for biological macromolecules induce formation of liquid phases that transform into crystalline products through aggregation and dehydration (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization by particle attachment in synthetic, biogenic, and geologic environments

Yoreo

Gilbert

Sommerdijk

et al. 2015

Science

1,672

1,637

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Field and laboratory observations show that crystals commonly form by the addition and attachment of particles that range from multi-ion complexes to fully formed nanoparticles. The particles involved in these nonclassical pathways to crystallization are diverse, in contrast to classical models that consider only the addition of monomeric chemical species. We review progress toward understanding crystal growth by particle-attachment processes and show that multiple pathways result from the interplay of free-energy landscapes and reaction dynamics. Much remains unknown about the fundamental aspects, particularly the relationships between solution structure, interfacial forces, and particle motion. Developing a predictive description that connects molecular details to ensemble behavior will require revisiting long-standing interpretations of crystal formation in synthetic systems, biominerals, and patterns of mineralization in natural environments.

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“…Large geogenic calcite crystals, with well defined crystal habits, are presumed to form slowly from saturated solutions. In contrast, many biogenic calcites are thought to form via an amorphous calcium carbonate precursor phase that crystallizes in vivo (Addadi et al, 2003;Beniash et al, 1997;Gago-Duport et al, 2008;Politi et al, 2008). Chalk and limestone typically originate as biogenic calcite, but they have often undergone dissolution and reprecipitation processes to different extents (Pettijohn, 1957).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distinguishing between calcites formed by different mechanisms using infrared spectrometry: archaeological applications

Regev

Poduska

Addadi

et al. 2010

Journal of Archaeological Science

192

151

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(L. Regev).Keywords: Calcium carbonate, infrared spectroscopy, pyrotechnology, diagenesis, ash, plaster AbstractInfrared spectrometry is a well established method for the identification of minerals. Due to its simplicity and the short time required to obtain a result, it can be practiced on-site during excavation using portable infrared spectrometers. However, the identification of a mineral may not be sufficient. For example, a lime plaster floor and a crushed chalk surface have similar appearance and are composed of the same mineralcalcite. Here we exploit differences in the infrared spectra of geogenic, biogenic and pyrogenic calcites for the identification of each calcite type. The infrared calcite spectrum has three characteristic peaks in the region of 400-4000 cm -1 , designated ν 2 , ν 3 , and ν 4 . Manuscript Click here to view linked References2 When a calcite sample is ground, as part of the measurement preparation procedure, some grinding dependent changes will be revealed in the infrared spectrum. With additional grinding, the ν 3 peak narrows and the heights of the ν 2 and ν 4 peaks decrease, when both are normalized to the ν 3 height. By plotting the normalized heights of the ν 2 versus the ν 4 of several grindings of the same sample, a characteristic trend line is formed for each calcite type. The trend lines of geogenic calcites have the mildest slopes and highest ν 4values when compared to pyrogenic calcites, which can be further divided to ash and plaster/mortar samples. This method can assist in the differentiation of the various calcites, including insights on homogeneity and preservation state of the calcitic materials in question.

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Amorphous calcium carbonate biomineralization in the earthworm’s calciferous gland: Pathways to the formation of crystalline phases

Cited by 117 publications

References 41 publications

Formation Mechanism of CaCO3 Spherulites in the Myostracum Layer of Limpet Shells

Formation Mechanism of CaCO3 Spherulites in the Myostracum Layer of Limpet Shells

Crystallization by particle attachment in synthetic, biogenic, and geologic environments

Distinguishing between calcites formed by different mechanisms using infrared spectrometry: archaeological applications

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