&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Artemisia vulgaris&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L. Chemotypes

Williams, J. L. R.; Campbell, Michael A.; Jaskolka, Michael C; Xie, Tianyue

doi:10.4236/ajps.2013.46156

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The plant identity was confirmed by Dr. Marlene Cross, Department of Biology, Mercyhurst University, and a reference voucher specimen (Reference number: TREC He- 00818) was deposited in the Herbarium of the Tom Ridge Center, Erie, Pennsylvania [23]. In addition, the identity of the same plant used in this study was further confirmed using DNA sequencing as recently described by [28]. The leaves and buds (before flowering) were washed, separated and dried before further analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

In vitro cytotoxicity of Artemisia vulgaris L. essential oil is mediated by a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HL-60 leukemic cell line

Saleh

Aljada

Rizvi

et al. 2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe essential oil (EO) of Artemisia vulgaris L. has been traditionally used worldwide for treating a large number of diseases. Although major components in A. vulgaris EO have been shown to inhibit growth of different cancer cells, as pure compounds or part of other plants extracted oil, no information is known about its anti-proliferative activities. Therefore, the current investigation has evaluated the toxicity of the plant extracted oil from buds (AVO-b) and leaves (AVO-l) and characterized their growth inhibitory effects on cancer cells.MethodsAVO-b and AVO-l from A. vulgaris L. were extracted by hydrodistillation, and their effect on the viability of human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia and various other cancer cell lines was tested using MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation assay, caspases enzymatic activities and Western blotting were used to determine the apoptotic pathway triggered by their action on HL-60 cells.ResultsLow concentrations of AVO-b and AVO-l inhibited the growth of HL-60 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Employing flow cytometric, DNA fragmentation and caspase activation analyses, demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of the oils is mediated by a caspase-dependent apoptosis. Kinetic studies in the presence and absence specific caspase inhibitors showed that activation of caspase-8 was dependent and subsequent to the activation of caspases-9 and -3. In addition, the essential oil caused a disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), increased the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and altered the expression of certain members of Bcl-2 family (Bcl-2, Bax and Bid), Apaf-1 and XIAP. Interestingly, low doses of AVO-b and AVO-1 also induced apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, but not in noncancerous cells.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that the EO-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells is mediated by caspase-dependent pathways, involving caspases-3, -9, and -8, which are initiated by Bcl-2/Bax/Bid-dependent loss of ΔΨm leading to release of cytochrome c to the cytoplasm to activate the caspase cascade. The finding that AVO-b and AVO-l are more efficient to induce apoptosis in different cancer cell lines than noncancerous cells, suggests that A. vulgaris might be a promising source for new anticancer agents.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

In vitro cytotoxicity of Artemisia vulgaris L. essential oil is mediated by a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HL-60 leukemic cell line

Saleh

Aljada

Rizvi

et al. 2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…The main composition of oil 32 was as follows: cis ‐chrysanthenyl acetate (10.4%), germacrene D (9.5%), and trans ‐thujone (9.4%). Thujone has been determined among main constituents in numerous mugwort oils form the plants growing in Croatia, France, Lithuania, Serbia, the USA, India, Nepal, Turkey, Egypt, and Morocco …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerial parts Syria [28] a-Thujone (56.1), [16] Caryophyllene (24.1), b-cubebene (12.0), b-elemene (6.0) var. indica Maxim, leaves Vietnam [5] cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate (39.6), p-cymene (17.2), b-phellandrene (11.4), trans-2-hexenal (5.0) Aerial parts Canada (Montreal) [33] Caryophyllene oxide ( Aerial parts, leaf and bud oils the USA (Pennsylvania, Erie) [30] a-Thujone (≤24.3), b-caryophyllene (≤17.5), santolina triene (10.0),…”

Section: Aerial Partsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerial parts the USA (various locations in North Eastern Pennsylvania: Woodbridge, New Jersey, Wilmington, Delaware) [33] a-,b-Pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, camphene, santolina triene Aerial parts the USA (Ithaca, NY) [2] Camphor (≤38. Egypt (Giza) [25] Thujone (36.9)…”

Section: Aerial Partsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A. vulgaris synthesizes many bioactive compounds, such as terpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoid glycosides, coumarins, carotenoids, resins, alkaloids, and polysaccharides. Essential oil (EO) makes a significant contribution to plant biological activity as well, and for that reason the chemical composition was a subject of many studies (and references cited therein). The most important and characteristic components of mugwort oils are α ‐, β ‐pinene, myrcene, phellandrene, cis ‐, trans ‐thujone, camphor, 1,8‐cineole, artemisia ketone, borneol, verbenone, caryophyllene and its oxide, isobornyl isobutyrate, artemisia alcohol, chrysanthenol, cis‐, trans ‐chrysanthenyl acetate, lyratol, α ‐humulene, davanone B, and elemol ( Table ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Polymorphism of Essential Oils of Artemisia vulgaris Growing Wild in Lithuania

Judžentienė

Būdienė

2018

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Compositional variability of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) essential oils has been investigated in the study. Plant material (over ground parts at full flowering stage) was collected from forty-four wild populations in Lithuania. The oils from aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC(FID) and GC/MS. In total, up to 111 components were determined in the oils. As the major constituents were found: sabinene, 1,8-cineole, artemisia ketone, both thujone isomers, camphor, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, davanone and davanone B. The compositional data were subjected to statistical analysis. The application of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and AHC (Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering) allowed grouping the oils into six clusters. AHC permitted to distinguish an artemisia ketone chemotype, which, to the best of our knowledge, is very scarce. Additionally, two rare cis-chrysanthenyl acetate and sabinene oil types were determined for the plants growing in Lithuania. Besides, davanone was found for the first time as a principal component in mugwort oils. The performed study revealed significant chemical polymorphism of essential oils in mugwort plants native to Lithuania; it has expanded our chemotaxonomic knowledge both of A. vulgaris species and Artemisia genus.

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Detection of the Previously Unobserved Stereoisomers of Thujone in the Essential Oil and Consumable Products of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Williams

Yazarians

Almeyda

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The discovery of the (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone stereoisomers in the essential oil of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and dietary supplements is documented for the first time. The detection was accomplished using a chiral resolution protocol of racemic α-/β-thujone on headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Because the previously unreported stereoisomers, (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone, are not commercially available, a three-step synthesis of racemic thujone from commercially available starting materials was developed. Thermolysis studies demonstrated that no racemization at the cyclopropane stereocenters occurs, corroborating that the detection is not an artifact from the hydrodistillation process. The developed chiral resolution of thujone was also used to provide evidence for the absence of the (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone enantiomers in other common thujone-containing essential oils.

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<i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> L. Chemotypes

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

In vitro cytotoxicity of Artemisia vulgaris L. essential oil is mediated by a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HL-60 leukemic cell line

In vitro cytotoxicity of Artemisia vulgaris L. essential oil is mediated by a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HL-60 leukemic cell line

Chemical Polymorphism of Essential Oils of Artemisia vulgaris Growing Wild in Lithuania

Detection of the Previously Unobserved Stereoisomers of Thujone in the Essential Oil and Consumable Products of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

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