<i>In Vitro</i> Susceptibility of Dermatophytes to Anti-Fungal Drugs and Aqueous <i>Acacia nilotica</i> Leaf Extract in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Dermatophytes were earlier reported to respond well to anti-fungal agents; however, an upsurge in resistance with the high cost of these agents increased the use of medicinal plants for treatment. This study investigated the sensitivity pattern of dermatophytes to oral antifungal drugs and aqueous leaf extract of the plant, Acacia nilotica. The extract was tested against seven strains of dermatophytes Arthroderma otae, Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Microsporum ferrugineum, Arthroderma vespertilii, Arthroderma quadrifidum, and Arthroderma multifidum, previously isolated from diabetic patients. The minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of the plant extracts and the standard antifungal agents were evaluated using modifications of the broth macro dilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M38-A2 protocol. There was a significant difference in the Minimum Inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the dermatophytes to the three antifungal drugs tested (p < 0.001). The dermatophytes were mostly susceptible to itraconazole followed by Nystatin. All the dermatophytes tested were resistant to griseofulvin. Acacia nilotica had an inhibitory effect on all the dermatophytes tested, and showed anti-fungal activity in a dose-dependent relationship between 0.625 -1.25 mg/ml. Though the inhibitions of the dermatophytes were significantly higher with the standard anti-fungal drugs as compared to the plant extract (p < 0.001); however, the dermatophyte, Arthroderma

Chemical and Functional Characterization of Extracts from Leaves and Twigs of Acacia dealbata

“…has been focused mainly on the bark, flower, wood, and leaves as reviewed by Correia et al [15]. Concerning the leaves fraction, antioxidant or antimicrobial activities have been determined for A. farnesiana [16], A. karroo [17][18][19][20], A. longifolia [21], A. pycnantha [22,23], A. saligna [24][25][26][27], or A. nilotica [28]. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of A. dealbata leaves were evaluated by Borges et al [29], for acetonic and ethanolic extracts of fresh A. dealbata leaves, obtained with different extraction methods.…”

Keratinophilic and Keratinolytic Fungi in Cave Ecosystems: A Culture-Based Study of Brestovská Cave and Demänovská Ľadová and Slobody Caves (Slovakia)

“…Similarly, A. insingulare is reputed to be involved in skin inflammatory disorders (including hyperpigmentation) and was described to be resistant towards griseofulvin [93]. The closely related A. quadrifidum is a known example of an opportunistic pathogen, the strains of which might demonstrate resistance towards itraconazole, nystatin, and griseofulvin [94].…”

Avaliação Da Atividade Do Óleo Essencial Dos Rizomas De Zingiber Officinale Foi Em Caramujos De Biomphalaria Glabrata

“…longifolia (Lima et al, 2013), A. pycnantha (Mahmoud et al, 2016), A. saligna (Noreen et al, 2017) e A. nilotica (Fowora et al, 2021). As atividades antioxidante e antimicrobiana das folhas de A. dealbata foram avaliadas num estudo de Borges et al (2020), recorrendo a extratos acetónicos e etanólicos de folhas frescas.…”