Amphibian and reptile communities of upland and riparian sites across Indonesian oil palm, rubber and forest

Paoletti, Alessio; Darras, Kevin; Jayanto, Herdhanu; Graß, Ingo; Kusrini, Mirza Dikari; Tscharntke, Teja

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00492

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…2018; Paoletti et al . 2018). Water is also a key resource for many forest reptiles, mammals and birds, for drinking, feeding and resting (Hawes et al .…”

Section: What Role Can Vegetation Corridors and Other Semi‐natural Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing optimal human‐modified landscapes for forest biodiversity conservation

et al. 2020

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Agriculture and development transform forest ecosystems to human-modified landscapes. Decades of research in ecology have generated myriad concepts for the appropriate management of these landscapes. Yet, these concepts are often contradictory and apply at different spatial scales, making the design of biodiversity-friendly landscapes challenging. Here, we combine concepts with empirical support to design optimal landscape scenarios for forest-dwelling species. The supported concepts indicate that appropriately sized landscapes should contain ≥ 40% forest cover, although higher percentages are likely needed in the tropics. Forest cover should be configured with c. 10% in a very large forest patch, and the remaining 30% in many evenly dispersed smaller patches and semi-natural treed elements (e.g. vegetation corridors). Importantly, the patches should be embedded in a high-quality matrix. The proposed landscape scenarios represent an optimal compromise between delivery of goods and services to humans and preserving most forest wildlife, and can therefore guide forest preservation and restoration strategies.

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“…2018; Paoletti et al . 2018). Water is also a key resource for many forest reptiles, mammals and birds, for drinking, feeding and resting (Hawes et al .…”

Section: What Role Can Vegetation Corridors and Other Semi‐natural Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing optimal human‐modified landscapes for forest biodiversity conservation

et al. 2020

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“…The non-riparian (well-drained) sites were on well-drained soils, whereas the riparian sites were flooded during the rainy season approximately from October until February. The plots were 50 × 50 m. More details on the design of the study are given in Drescher et al (2016) and Paoletti et al (2018).…”

Section: Study Sites and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, changes in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning related to the conversion of tropical lowland forests into agricultural production systems have been little studied. Especially periodically flooded riparian areas with reduced agricultural output, but presumably high conservation value, received little attention (Naiman et al, 1993;Paoletti et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We included well-drained and riparian areas to cover the heterogeneity of our study sites. As riparian sites are often characterized by high plant and animal diversity, whereas agricultural production is compromised, these habitats may serve as targets for conservation efforts (Maisonneuve and Rioux, 2001;Young-Mathews et al, 2010;Paoletti et al, 2018). Also, we included environmental variables related to land-use change, such as the amount of litter, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, pH, water content, bacterial and fungal markers to improve understanding of driving forces of changes in nematode communities with land-use change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Nematode Communities and Functional Diversity With the Conversion of Rainforest Into Rubber and Oil Palm Plantations

et al. 2019

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Focusing on nematodes and their well-developed indices of community, ecosystem structure and function, we investigated the effects of the conversion of rainforest into rubber and oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. Land use did not affect the total abundance of litter-and soil-dwelling nematodes, neither in riparian nor in well-drained sites. However, the rainforest nematode community differed from communities in plantations, with differences in litter being more pronounced compared to soil. In litter, fungivores and nematodes with short generation time (c-p2) increased in monoculture plantations, while that of bacterivores, herbivores, and nematodes with longer generation time and higher sensitivity to disturbances (c-p3) decreased. This indicates higher environmental pressure on nematodes in monoculture plantations than in rainforest. In soil of monoculture plantations, bacterivores, and c-p3 nematodes decreased while herbivores increased. This suggests that the damage of plants by nematodes in oil palm plantations exceeds that in rainforest. Overall, nematode functional diversity indices suggest that the stability of the decomposer community is higher in rainforest compared to monoculture plantations. Importantly, functional diversity indices were much more meaningful than nematode abundance. Further, changes with land use manifested more in litter than in soil, reflecting that nematode communities in soil are buffered against changes in land use and associated environmental conditions. Therefore, to fully assess changes in the structure and functioning of decomposer systems with changes in land use, the litter layer, which often receives little attention, requires more careful consideration.

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“…Thus, the fact that the great majority of snakebites worldwide occur in tropical areas is not a result of a higher frequency of venomous species within the snake assemblages, but rather is due to other factors (for instance, the higher number of people working in rural/forested areas or snakes are just more abundant in general nearby human settlements and therefore come into contact with people more often). Concerning this latter hypothesis, however, it should be considered that snake assemblage structure changes with anthropogenic changes to the landscape, particularly to agriculture, with some species becoming more common but many becoming rarer [18][19][20]]. In some cases, some venomous species (such as Bothrops asper or Naja nigricollis) will be positively impacted by agriculture, but in others, non-MIVS species (especially pythons like Python regius or Python reticulatus) appear to be the beneficiaries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venomous Snake Abundance Within Snake Species’ Assemblages Worldwide

et al. 2020

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Venomous snakes are among the main sources of mortality for humans in rural regions, especially in tropical countries. In this study, a meta-analysis of quantitative community ecology studies on snake assemblages throughout the world was conducted in order to evaluate variation in the frequency of occurrence of venomous species and venomous individuals by habitat and continent. A bibliographic search was done by consulting “Google Scholar” and “ISI Web of Knowledge”. In total, 24,200 results were obtained from our bibliographic search, out of which 60 independent studies reporting raw and analyzable quantitative data from 81 distinct snake communities were retained and used for analyses. A snow-ball procedure was also used to uncover additional studies to include in the analyses. We gathered data on a total of 30,537 snake individuals, with an average of almost 30% of venomous individuals. The mean number of sympatric species was 19, whereas the mean number of sympatric venomous species was almost 5. Venomous snake species accounted for 24.4% of the total species in each community—almost the same as the overall percentage of venomous snake species known worldwide (about 24%). The frequency of occurrence of venomous individuals did not differ significantly between tropical and temperate snake communities, and the same was true for the frequency of venomous species within each community. Thus, the greater number of snakebites in tropical countries is not due to there being more venomous snake species or individuals. The total number of species and the number of venomous species observed in each community were positively correlated, and there was a significant difference among continents in terms of the mean number of species in each community. Within communities, there were inter-continental and inter-habitat differences in both the percentage of venomous species and in the percentage of venomous individuals. The Generalized Linear Model (GLM) revealed that the frequency of venomous species at a local scale depended only on the total number of species inhabiting a given site, whereas the frequency of venomous individuals within communities depended on both the total number of species and a habitat–continent interaction. Our meta-analysis could enable the appropriate authorities/agencies to take the relative abundance of venomous species/individuals within snake assemblages into consideration for a better positioning of the first aid centers in locations where snake antivenoms should be available.

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Amphibian and reptile communities of upland and riparian sites across Indonesian oil palm, rubber and forest

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Designing optimal human‐modified landscapes for forest biodiversity conservation

Designing optimal human‐modified landscapes for forest biodiversity conservation

Changes in Nematode Communities and Functional Diversity With the Conversion of Rainforest Into Rubber and Oil Palm Plantations

Venomous Snake Abundance Within Snake Species’ Assemblages Worldwide

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