Amphibious PrandtlPlane: Preliminary Design Aspects Including Propellers Integration and Ground Effect

Cavallaro, Rauno; Nardini, Massimiliano; Demasi, Luciano; Santarpia, Enrico

doi:10.2514/6.2015-1185

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…UnPaM [31,32] is a code capable of carrying out 3D aerodynamic simulations by using approaches based on the boundary element method. The flow field properties are described by singularities placed on the aerodynamic surface of the object and whose intensities are computed by imposing the boundary conditions.…”

Section: In-house Three-dimensional Unsteady Panel Methods (Unpam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wake of the kite grows gradually until reaching a maximum size defined by the user at the beginning of the simulation. A full description of UnPaM is in [31,32].…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling of these flight simulators with broad databases of aerodynamic coefficients generated with numerical methods or directly with low-cost numerical codes is a key application in AWE. In this work, an in-house 3D and unsteady VLM within the UnPaM suite [31,32] has been adapted and used to predict the aerodynamic forces in the same flight conditions tested in ref. [28], and results have been compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional Unsteady Aerodynamic Analysis of a Rigid-Framed Delta Kite Applied to Airborne Wind Energy

et al. 2021

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The validity of using a low-computational-cost model for the aerodynamic characterization of Airborne Wind Energy Systems was studied by benchmarking a three-dimensional Unsteady Panel Method (UnPaM) with experimental data from a flight test campaign of a two-line Rigid-Framed Delta kite. The latter, and a subsequent analysis of the experimental data, provided the evolution of the tether tensions, the full kinematic state of the kite (aerodynamic velocity and angular velocity vectors, among others), and its aerodynamic coefficients. The history of the kinematic state was used as input for UnPaM that provided a set of theoretical aerodynamic coefficients. Disparate conclusions were found when comparing the experimental and theoretical aerodynamic coefficients. For a wide range of angles of attack and sideslip angles, the agreement in the lift and lateral force coefficients was good and moderate, respectively, considering UnPaM is a potential flow tool. As expected, UnPaM predicts a much lower drag because it ignores viscous effects. The comparison of the aerodynamic torque coefficients is more delicate due to uncertainties on the experimental data. Besides fully non-stationary simulations, the lift coefficient was also studied with UnPaM by assuming quasi-steady and steady conditions. It was found that for a typical figure-of-eight trajectory there are no significant differences between unsteady and quasi-steady approaches allowing for fast simulations.

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Section: In-house Three-dimensional Unsteady Panel Methods (Unpam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wake of the kite grows gradually until reaching a maximum size defined by the user at the beginning of the simulation. A full description of UnPaM is in [31,32].…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional Unsteady Aerodynamic Analysis of a Rigid-Framed Delta Kite Applied to Airborne Wind Energy

et al. 2021

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“…Redistribution of aerodynamic loads and shape of the wake for the PrandtlPlane amphibious aircraft IDINTOS and for a generic box-wing layout are shown in references [65,66] and depicted in Figures 108 and 109. As can be appreciated in the graph, the total lift coefficient does not appreciably change.…”

Section: Wake Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for a swept-back front wing swept-forward rear wing, considering a more accurate wake shape led to a smaller lift on the tip region of the rear wing. A correct modeling of the wake shape, however, does not only impact aerodynamics, but also flight mechanics and aeroelasticity: reference [66] shows how trim of the aircraft is affected, whereas in effort [65] the higher flutter speed was thought by the investigators to be consequence of the different load distribution. Some numerical difficulties were observed in work [66] when simulating high angle-of-attack conditions in ground effect: presence of wake-on-body impingement (on the lateral joint's area) issues had to be solved with an alternative formulation [19] of the BEM.…”

Section: Wake Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges, Ideas, and Innovations of Joined-Wing Configurations: A Concept from the Past, an Opportunity for the Future

Cavallaro

Demasi

2016

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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122

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Unsteady Aerodynamics of Delta Kites for Airborne Wind Energy Under Dynamic Stall Conditions

Castro‐Fernández,

Cavallaro,

Schmehl

et al. 2024

Wind Energy

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Three unsteady aerodynamic tools at different levels of fidelity and computational cost were used to investigate the unsteady aerodynamic behavior of a delta kite applied to airborne wind energy. The first tool is an in‐house unsteady panel method that is fast but delivers low to mid fidelity predictions. The second tool uses the open‐source CFD code SU2 to solve the unsteady Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the SST turbulence model. At an intermediate level of fidelity, a semiempirical dynamic stall model that combines the panel method with a phenomenological dynamic stall module is proposed. The latter has free parameters that are fine‐tuned with CFD results from the second tool. The research on the dynamic stall model has been inspired by two flight test campaigns suggesting dynamic stall phenomena possibly driven by the periodic variation of the angle of attack (aerodynamic pitching motion) during crosswind maneuvers. The recorded inflow along the flight path was prescribed in the three aerodynamic tools. As expected, the price to pay for the low computational cost of the panel method is its inability to capture the dynamic stall phenomenon. The results from unsteady CFD qualitatively matched the experimental data identifying a leading‐edge vortex that forms and detaches cyclically during the pitching motion. Using RANS data, the semiempirical tool was fined‐tuned to reproduce the dynamic stall behavior, becoming an accurate and fast aerodynamic tool for coupling with any kite flight simulator. Further discussions on the effects of kite aerostructural deflections are included.

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Amphibious PrandtlPlane: Preliminary Design Aspects Including Propellers Integration and Ground Effect

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Three-Dimensional Unsteady Aerodynamic Analysis of a Rigid-Framed Delta Kite Applied to Airborne Wind Energy

Three-Dimensional Unsteady Aerodynamic Analysis of a Rigid-Framed Delta Kite Applied to Airborne Wind Energy

Challenges, Ideas, and Innovations of Joined-Wing Configurations: A Concept from the Past, an Opportunity for the Future

Unsteady Aerodynamics of Delta Kites for Airborne Wind Energy Under Dynamic Stall Conditions

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