Amphiphilic graft copolymers with poly(oxyethylene) side chains: Synthesis via activated ester intermediates—properties

Abstract

Amphiphilic graft copolymers were synthesized via activated ester substitution of derivatives of fumaric acid with amino‐functionalized methoxypoly (oxyethylene)s (MPEO‐NH2) of different molecular weights. The monomeric activated esters, isopropyl pentachlorophenyl fumarate (PCPFA) and isopropyl succinimido fumarate (SIFA), were copolymerized with styrene (St) or N‐vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) at equimolar ratio. The polymeric‐activated esters proved to be good precursors for grafting of definite amounts of MPEO‐NH2. The aminolysis of the succinimide esters and VP‐containing copolymers proceeded with gel formation due to extensive hydrogen bonding. The hydrodynamic behavior, the emulsifying ability, the thermal properties, and crystallinity of the graft copolymers were studied as a function of their molecular characteristics. The length of the PEO grafts and the degree of grafting are the factors which affect the melting parameters and the crystallinity of the side chains. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Folding and Formation of Mesoglobules in Dilute Copolymer Solutions

“…Grafted PNIPAM-g-PEO copolymers: There has been considerable interest in the study of grafted amphiphilic copolymers in selected solvents because they can form stable aggregates with a core-shell structure in solution [57][58][59][60][61][62]. For example, amphiphilic copolymer chains consisting of the hydrophobic backbone and hydrophilic branches can form stable core-shell colloidal particles in water (a selective solvent) because the hydrophobic chain backbone tends to aggregate to form a hydrophobic core, while the hydrophilic branches grafted on them are forced to stay on the periphery to form a hydrophilic corona (shell) [63][64][65][66].…”

Matrices based on lineal and star fumarate‐metha/acrylate copolymers for bone tissue engineering: Characterization and biocompatibility studies

“…Very few examples of amphiphilic fumaric copolymers appear in the literature. Berlinova et al synthesized isopropyl pentachlorophenylfumarate (PCPFA) and isopropyl succinimido fumarate (SIFA), which were copolymerized with styrene (St) or N ‐vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) . Later, these copolymers were transformed in amphiphilic graft copolymers by introduction of amino‐functionalized methoxypoly(oxyethylene) group.…”

Single Chain Core-Shell Nanostructure

“…Recently, there has been considerable interest in the study of the amphiphilic copolymers, including block copolymers and graft copolymers, in selected solvents because these copolymers can form stable aggregates with a core-shell structure in solution [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. For example, the amphiphilic graft copolymers made up of the hydrophobic backbone and hydrophilic branches can form stable colloidal particles in water by one-step nanoprecipitation or solvent exchange because the hydrophobic backbone chains tend to aggregate to form a hydrophobic core, while the grafted hydrophilic branches become a hydrophilic corona shell [7][8][9][10].…”