Amphiphilic ruthenium dye as an ideal sensitizer in conversion of light to electricity using ionic liquid crystal electrolyte

Kawano, Ryuji; Nazeeruddin, Md. K.; Sato, Akihiro; Grätzel, Michaël; Watanabe, Masayoshi

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2007.01.005

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It is observed that the aliphatic chains present in the dye provide an efficient insulating barrier and prevents the charge recombination of electron with electrolyte [18]. The open circuit voltage (V oc ) of the cells containing amphiphilic chains of hydrophobic nature was found to be higher than the cell using N3 dye [10,17,18]. However, in the present investigation, V oc of the cell with amphiphilic S8 dye is found to be lower than the cell using N3.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…It is considered as a standard dye for comparison against other new sensitizers in DSSC devices [6,7]. Several ruthenium(II) complexes containing anchoring bipyridyl groups with some modifications compared to N3 dye have been reported [8][9][10]14,15]. These dyes have several advantages over the conventional N3 dye: (i) have higher binding capacity onto the TiO 2 surface, (ii) hydrophobic groups, such as aliphatic chain group in the complex increase the stability of cells towards waterinduced desorption, (iii) increase the reversibility of ruthenium &/ & couple leading to enhanced stability and (iv) show enhanced thermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of ruthenium complex and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells

Song

Park

Han

et al. 2009

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of ruthenium complex and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells

Song

Park

Han

et al. 2009

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…This is a consequence of structural differences between conventional PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolytes and those containing embedded LCs. 32 The IPCE data for DSSCs, fabricated using the PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolyte, LC-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based electrolytes and a liquid electrolyte are given in Figure 6. The data clearly show that the IPCE for the DSSC formed from the conventional PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolyte contains two maxima at 409 and 529 nm, as has been described previously.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[27][28][29] Moreover, a few studies have shown that the introduction of liquid crystals (LCs) in the polymeric electrolyte leads to an improvement of J sc and the iodide exchange reaction, thus, an increase in chain mobility and the ionic conductivity. [30][31][32] In recent investigations, we have explored the use of LCembedded, PVdF-co-HFP-based, polymer electrolytes to enhance the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes and the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs made from these electrolytes. In the current effort, the photovoltaic performances, conductivities, and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies (IPCEs) of DSSCs, assembled with these electrolyte materials, have been elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New liquid crystal-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications

et al. 2009

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Liquid crystal (LC; E7 and/or ML-0249)-embedded, poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-co-HFP)-based, polymer electrolytes were prepared for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The electrolytes contained 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (PMII), tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI), and iodine (I 2 ), which participate in the I 3 -/I -redox couple. The incorporation of photochemically stable PVdF-co-HFP in the DSSCs created a stable polymer electrolyte that resisted leakage and volatilization. DSSCs, with liquid crystal (LC)-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolytes between the amphiphilic ruthenium dye N719 absorbed to the nanocrystalline TiO 2 photoanode and the Pt counter electrode, were fabricated. These DSSCs displayed enhanced redox couple reduction and reduced charge recombination in comparison to that fabricated from the conventional PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolyte. The behavior of the polymer electrolyte was improved by the addition of optimized amounts of plasticizers, such as ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC). The significantly increased short-circuit current density (J s c , 14.60 mA/cm 2 ) and open-circuit voltage (V o c, 0.68 V) of these DSSCs led to a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.42% and a fill factor of 0.65 under a standard light intensity of 100 mW/cm 2 irradiation of AM 1.5 sunlight. A DSSC fabricated by using E7-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolyte exhibited a maximum incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 50%.

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“…69,70 The specific charge transport contributes to the high performance of DSSCs using ILs despite their high viscosities. 71,72 Furthermore, exchange reaction-based high redox diffusivity becomes more pronounced in ionic liquid crystals having a smectic A phase, [73][74][75] nanoparticle-dispersed IL gels, 76 and polymerized ILs 77 because of a local concentrating effect of I ¹ /I 3 ¹ redox couples. This concentrating effect is due to the nanophase separation between Electrochemistry, 84(9), 642-653 (2016) ionic and non-polar groups and the specific arrangement of I ¹ /I 3 ¹ onto the surface of nanoparticles.…”

Section: Electron-transporting Ils and Dye-sensitized Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Materialization of Ionic Liquids Based on an Understanding of Their Fundamental Properties

Watanabe

2016

Electrochemistry

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Ionic liquids (ILs) are defined as salts that have melting points lower than 100°C. Most are organic salts, and these may be designed and tailored to have suitable properties. ILs are recognized as a third group of solvents (and electrolytes), after water and organic solvents. They are characterized by their unique properties such as nonvolatilities, high thermal stabilities, and high ionic conductivities. In this article, our work on the design and preparation of ILs is briefly reviewed. The concept of ionicity is proposed as a metric to characterize the basic nature (dissociativity) of ILs, which is affected by the Lewis acidity/basicity of cations/anions (i.e., coulombic interactions), the directionality of interactions between cations and anions, and van der Waals interactions between ions. The ionicity of ILs is dominated by a subtle balance between coulombic and van der Waals interactions, which clearly discriminates ILs from conventional high-temperature inorganic molten salts. Here, the design of protic ILs for fuel cell electrolytes, electron-transporting ILs for dye-sensitized solar cell electrolytes, and Li + -conducting solvate ILs for lithium battery electrolytes are discussed based on an understanding of the fundamental properties of ILs. Furthermore, the combination of ILs with polymers and colloidal particles affords intriguing quasi-solid materials (ion gels), and the ion transport in these gels is decoupled from the mechanical relaxation time of these materials, yielding new solid electrolytes. The possibility of temperature and photo-sensitive solubility dependence of polymers in ILs allows the creation of stimuli-responsive materials. Finally, protic ILs/protic salts are demonstrated to be good precursors for N-doped carbon materials.

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Amphiphilic ruthenium dye as an ideal sensitizer in conversion of light to electricity using ionic liquid crystal electrolyte

Cited by 55 publications

References 42 publications

Synthesis of ruthenium complex and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells

Synthesis of ruthenium complex and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells

New liquid crystal-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications

Design and Materialization of Ionic Liquids Based on an Understanding of Their Fundamental Properties

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