Ampicillin‐dextrin agar medium for the enumeration of <i>Aeromonas</i> species in water by membrane filtration

Havelaar, Arie H.; During, M; Versteegh, J. F. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb02410.x

Cited by 134 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…collected in Finland during the years 1992-3. Food samples were enriched in tryptic soy broth (Difco) containing 30 ,ag per ml ampicillin and cultivated after 24 h incubation at 30°C on the ADA (ampicillin dextrin agar) medium [18]. Water samples (100, 10 and 1 ml) were membrane filtrated on the ADA.…”

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofAeromonasphenospecies and genospecies among strains isolated from water, foods or from human clinical samples

Hänninen

Siitonen

1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYA total of 332 Aeromonas spp. originating from drinking water (n = 75), fresh water (n = 57), chicken and ground beef (107), human faecal samples in association with travelling (n = 49), human faecal samples not associated with travelling (n = 38), and six strains from human blood cultures were studied by phenotypic methods and by using analysis of ribopatterns as a molecular method for the identification of the 13 known hybridization groups (HGs). Also included were the reference strains of each HG. A. hydrophila HG 1, A. caviae HG 4 and A. veronii biotype sobria HG 8/10 were the most important genospecies identified in human faecal samples. A. hydrophila HG 2 and A. media HG 5B predominated in drinking water and A. hydrophila HG 2 and HG 3, A. media HG 5A and HG 5B predominated in fresh water. In drinking water only one isolate was A. hydrophila HG 1 and two isolates were A. caviae HG 4. Clinically important Aeromonas spp. HG 1 (A. hydrophila), HG 4 (A. caviae) and HG 8/10 (A. veronii biotype sobria) were common in chicken and ground beef. In contrast to the drinking water samples, HG 5A was common in chicken and ground beef samples. Atypical, unidentified isolates were most often found in fresh water samples (12/57 strains). Although water has been suspected of being an important source of human aeromonas infections, clinically important HGs were found to be in the minority among Aeromonas spp. identified in drinking water or fresh water. The distribution of Aeromonas spp. HGs among drinking water, chicken and ground beef samples was also different, suggesting that contamination of meat or chicken may not originate from water.

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Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofAeromonasphenospecies and genospecies among strains isolated from water, foods or from human clinical samples

Hänninen

Siitonen

1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…(in 0.1, and 1.0 mL volumes), and Vibrio spp. (in 0.1, 1, 10, and 40 mL volumes) by membrane filtration of appropriate volumes of the samples according to ISO 9308-1:2000 (Rapid Test), ISO 7899-2:2000, Havelaar et al [11], and incubation of the membrane filters on Thiosulphate Citrate Bile salts Sucrose agar (TCBS; Tritium Microbiologie, Eindhoven, the Netherlands) at 36 ± 2 °C for 24 ± 4 hour, respectively. Vibrio characteristic colonies on TCBS were subcultured onto Trypton Soy Agar (TSA; Oxoid, Badhoevedorp, the Netherlands) and incubated at 36±2 °C for 20-24 hours.…”

Section: Sample Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiological quality of water in fish spas with Garra rufa fish, the Netherlands, October to November 2012

Schets

Berg

Zwaan³

et al. 2015

Eurosurveillance

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In fish spas, clients may submerge their hands, feet or whole body in basins with Garra rufa fish, for dead skin removal. Skin infections may result from using these spas, transmitted from fish to clients, through either fish or water, or from client to client. The microbiological water quality was determined in 24 fish spas in 16 companies in the Netherlands through analysis of a single water sample per fish spa. Water samples were tested for the presence of Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nontuberculous mycobacteria, and faecal indicator bacteria by using standard culture methods. The majority of the examined fish spas contained Aeromonas spp. (n?=?24), P. aeruginosa (n?=?18), Vibrio spp. (n?=?16) including V. cholerae non-O1/O139 and V. vulnificus, and several rapid growing Mycobacterium spp. (n?=?23) including M. fortuitum, M. conceptionense, M. abscessus and M. chelonae. Faecal contamination of the fish spa water was low. Based on the detected concentrations of Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., and P. aeruginosa, the detected Mycobacterium spp., and the health implications of these bacteria, the health risk from using fish spas is considered limited for healthy people with an intact skin and no underlying disease.

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“…Membrane filters were placed directly on culture plates of ampicillin dextrin agar (BioLife Italiana) (6,24). Plates were incubated aerobically for 48 h at 30°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Typing of Aeromonas Isolates in Natural Mineral Waters

Villari

Crispino

Montuori

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A total of 103 isolates of Aeromonas spp. were obtained over a 3-year period from a natural mineral water and from surface streams located within the boundaries of the watershed of the natural mineral water wells and were typed by macrorestriction analysis of genomic DNA with XbaI and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. All Aeromonas caviae isolates from the natural mineral water belonged to the same clone, and an analogous clonal identity was found among Aeromonas hydrophila isolates. These two clones expressed no hemolytic or cytotoxic activities. Aeromonas isolates from surface waters showed high molecular heterogeneity and were not related to the clones found in the natural mineral water. The presence of aeromonads chronically found in the natural mineral water was a likely consequence of a localized development of a biofilm, with no exogenous contamination of the aquifer. Molecular fingerprinting of drinking water isolates is a useful tool in explaining possible reasons for bacterial occurrences.The health consequences of the presence of motile species of the genus Aeromonas in drinking water are the subject of much debate (7,11,12,20,25). Recent studies have demonstrated that the presence of Aeromonas spp. in drinking water is a potential risk, since these microorganisms can produce a wide range of virulence factors (10,13,15,18,20,26). The difficulty in assigning an unequivocal health hazard to motile aeromonads in drinking water stems from the facts that these microorganisms are heterogeneous and that only specific strains may be pathogenic (14,16,23).There have been attempts in some countries, such as The Netherlands, Canada, and Italy, to introduce guideline standards for the presence of Aeromonas spp. in drinking water (4,8,9,26). In Italy, provisional and cautionary limits were established in 1997 for natural mineral waters at their origin (10 CFU/100 ml) and after being bottled (100 CFU/100 ml) and maintained until the end of 1998.These new health regulations aimed at the bottled-water industry compelled Italian public health professionals to make decisions about the safety of bottled mineral waters containing small quantities of Aeromonas spp., even after the cautionary limits were removed. In this paper we show how macrorestriction analysis of genomic DNAs of Aeromonas isolates with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was useful in clarifying the reasons for the chronic occurrence of Aeromonas spp. in an Italian brand of bottled natural mineral water and the reasons these organisms are not presumed to be a hazard to human health. The natural mineral water described in this study is a natural sparkling water obtained from wells drilled to depths between 60 and 100 m. Groundwater is first collected into stainless steel pipes leading to a single mixing tank and then pumped to four separate bottling lines. The average production volume of the plant is 2 million liters per day.Microbiological analyses conducted during 1998 revealed none of the indicators set by the European health regulations for ...

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Ampicillin‐dextrin agar medium for the enumeration of Aeromonas species in water by membrane filtration

Cited by 134 publications

References 22 publications

Distribution ofAeromonasphenospecies and genospecies among strains isolated from water, foods or from human clinical samples

Distribution ofAeromonasphenospecies and genospecies among strains isolated from water, foods or from human clinical samples

The microbiological quality of water in fish spas with Garra rufa fish, the Netherlands, October to November 2012

Molecular Typing of Aeromonas Isolates in Natural Mineral Waters

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