Amplification of Coccidioidal DNA in Clinical Specimens by PCR

Johnson, Suzanne M.; Simmons, Keira A.; Pappagianis, Demosthenes

doi:10.1128/jcm.42.5.1982-1985.2004

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…PCR has been used to detect DNA of Coccidioides in patient serum (157) and respiratory specimens (158). Based on a small number of positive specimens, DNA detection in serum appeared to precede the development of antibody and then disappear when antibody developed.…”

Section: Nucleic Acid Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Environmental, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Dimensions of Coccidioidomycosis

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Coccidioidomycosis is the endemic mycosis caused by the fungal pathogens Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii . This review is a summary of the recent advances that have been made in the understanding of this pathogen, including its mycology, genetics, and niche in the environment. Updates on the epidemiology of the organism emphasize that it is a continuing, significant problem in areas of endemicity. For a variety of reasons, the number of reported coccidioidal infections has increased dramatically over the past decade. While continual improvements in the fields of organ transplantation and management of autoimmune disorders and patients with HIV have led to dilemmas with concurrent infection with coccidioidomycosis, they have also led to advances in the understanding of the human immune response to infection. There have been some advances in therapeutics with the increased use of newer azoles. Lastly, there is an overview of the ongoing search for a preventative vaccine.

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Section: Nucleic Acid Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Environmental, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Dimensions of Coccidioidomycosis

et al. 2013

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“…5 The interest in PCR for coccidioidal diagnostics has increased in past years given the potential ability for testing to be performed on-site and for quantitative results to be obtained. 22 There are no currently published data that demonstrate the utility of PCR for determining the presence of Coccidioides in pleural fl uid. Our results, using three different PCR assays, did not improve case fi nding over culture.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidomycosis

Thompson

Sharma²,

Bays

et al. 2013

Chest

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C occidioidomycosis refers to the spectrum of disease caused by the dimorphic fungi Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii . Clinical manifestations vary depending upon both the extent of infection and the immune status of the host. 1 Pulmonary infection is the most common clinical manifestation and primary coc cidioidal pneumonia may account for 17% to 29% of all community-acquired pneumonia in endemic regions. 2,3 Pleural effusions have been estimated to occur in 5% to 15% of all primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis cases and are typically present with cough, pleuritic chest pain, and dyspnea. 4,5 The underlying diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis is not always immediately apparent, however. Coccidioidesspecifi c serologic testing is not readily available at most institutions, frequently requires the assistance of a reference laboratory, recovery of the organism may require invasive diagnostic testing, and cultures represent a severe biohazard to laboratory personnel. Therefore, the etiology of pleural effusions may not be clear on initial evaluation and other diagnoses including malignancy, autoimmune diseases, and mycobacterial or fungal disease may be sought. Even after extensive examination, the cause of pleural effusions . The sensitivity and specifi city of coccidioidal serologic testing was 100% in this study. The specifi city of PCR testing was high (100%), although the overall sensitivity remained low, and was comparable to the experience of others in the clinical use of PCR for coccidioidal diagnostics. Conclusion: Contrary to prior speculation, ADA levels in pleuropulmonary coccidioidomycosis were not elevated in this study. The sensitivity and specifi city of coccidioidal serologic testing in nonserum samples remained high, but the clinical usefulness of PCR testing in pleural fl uid was disappointing and was comparable to pleural fl uid culture.CHEST 2013; 143(3):776-781

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“…Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting conserved or variable regions of the ribosomal DNA to detect and identify Coccidioides spp. have been described and found to be sensitive and specific 2,12,15,16,18,21,27,30,32 . Molecular phylogenetic methods based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and microsatellite repeats have established a new species, Coccidioides posadasii, which is morphologically indistinguishable from C. immitis 12,19,30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viability and molecular authentication of Coccidioides spp. isolates from the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo culture collection, Brazil

Cavalcanti

Vidal

Sousa

et al. 2013

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYCoccidioidomycosis is an emerging fungal disease in Brazil; adequate maintenance and authentication of Coccidioides isolates are essential for research into genetic diversity of the environmental organisms, as well as for understanding the human disease. Seventeen Coccidioides isolates maintained under mineral oil since 1975 in the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (IMTSP) culture collection, Brazil, were evaluated with respect to their viability, morphological characteristics and genetic features in order to authenticate these fungal cultures. Only five isolates were viable after almost 30 years, showing typical morphological characteristics, and sequencing analysis using Coi-F and Coi-R primers revealed 99% identity with Coccidioides genera. These five isolates were then preserved in liquid nitrogen and sterile water, and remained viable after two years of storage under these conditions, maintaining the same features.

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Amplification of Coccidioidal DNA in Clinical Specimens by PCR

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Environmental, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Dimensions of Coccidioidomycosis

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Environmental, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Dimensions of Coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis

Viability and molecular authentication of Coccidioides spp. isolates from the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo culture collection, Brazil

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