Amplitude and Latency Characteristics of the Conditioned Heart Response

Zeaman, David; Deane, George; Wegner, Norma

doi:10.1080/00223980.1954.9712933

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The ffiI CR is generally reported to consist of an initial acceleratory component, followed by a slowing below baseline prior to UCS onset (Obrist, Webb, & Sutterer, 1969;Zeaman et al, 1954). In the present study, a similar initial acceleratory component was observed, but ffiI remained faster than baseline during the entire CS-UCS interval.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Redman

Dutch

1984

Psychobiology

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Arterial pulse transit time (PTT), ECG-initiated transit time (ECG-'IT), and interbeat interval were recorded during a differential classical conditioning procedure with a commercial video game functioning as the unconditioned stimulus. In Experiment 1, subjects were presented with 20 acquisition trials. Both PTT and ECG-TT showed differential changes to the CS+ and CS-. The PTT CR took the form of a decrease in transit time, reaching maximum between 5 and 7 beats after CS onset, and the ECG-'IT response was biphasic, consisting of an initial lengthening from baseline during the first three beats after CS onset followed by a decrease below baseline, reaching maximum at Beats 8-10. Experiment 2 is a replication of Experiment 1 using 40 acquisition trials. PTT and ECG-'IT CRs were similar to those observed in Experiment 1 and persisted during the 40 trials. The PTT decrease from baseline during Beats 5-7 was significant, as were the deceleratory and acceleratory ECG-TT components. 213The study of classically conditioned cardiovascular response in human subjects has until recently been lim-' ited primarily to heart rate (e.g., Zeaman, Deane, & Wegner, 1954) and vasomotor responding (e.g., Gottschalk, 1946). However, with technological developments, the recording of a wider range of cardiovascular responses has now become possible.Redman and Dutch (1983) reported conditioned responding in two such new responses, arterial pulse transit time (PTT) and ECG-initiated transit time (ECG-TT). Using the cold pressor test as the unconditioned stimulus (DCS), a decrease in PTT was observed in response to the conditioned stimulus (CS) and a concomitant lengthening of ECG-TT occurred. However, since the cold pressor test is noxious and has long-lasting effects on the cardiovascular system, the number of acquisition trials was limited to eight. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the form and persistence of the PTT and ECG-TT conditioned responses (CRs) was not possible.The purpose of the following experiments was to extend the findings of Redman and Dutch (1983) by exploring the form of the PTT and ECG-TT Cks and their persistence during extended acquisition. To avoid the

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Redman

Dutch

1984

Psychobiology

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“…When the interval is increased beyond .5 second to 3 or 4 seconds, Pavlovian conditioning is presumed to be extremely difficult, if not impossible. However, in research on heart rate conditioning, a frequent procedure, with both human and animal 5s, has been to use CS-UCS intervals varying from 3 to 10 seconds, and in most cases, conditioning was readily achieved (Gantt, 1960;Notterman, 1953;Zeaman, Deane, & Wegner, 1954). In our experiment, we found no significant difference in amount of conditioning between CS-UCS intervals of 5 seconds and 10 seconds.…”

Section: Analyses Of Pavlovian Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 41%

Exploratory studies of the conditioning of autonomic responses in curarized dogs.

Black¹,

Carlson²,

Solomon³

1962

Psychological Monographs: General and Applied

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“…Using a 1-sec auditory stimulus, Zeaman et al (1954) found a relatively small deceleratory component in the diphasic HR response. Possibly, auditory stimuli of short duration accentuate the acceleratory component and stimuli of longer duration accentuate the deceleratory component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The points of peak acceleration and deceleration are similar to ours. Zeaman et al (1954) described the shape of the HR response as initial acceleration followed by deceleration. The data of Uno and Grings (1965) also show a diphasic accelerative-decelerative HR response in waking Ss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evoked Heart Rate Response During Sleep

Hord¹,

Lubin²,

Johnson³

1966

Psychophysiology

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Heart rate responses evoked by a 3‐sec auditory stimulus were averaged within stages of sleep for five subjects. Although there were some individual differences, the evoked HR response is generally diphasic, with the peak of the acceleratory component occurring on the fourth post‐stimulus beat and the trough of the deceleratory component occurring on the 10th post‐stimulus beat. Unlike other variables, which are depressed during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, the HR response tends to be larger during the REM stage than during other stages of sleep. The size of the response is not appreciably affected by time of night, since HR is non‐habituating during sleep, but is affected by the respiratory cycle phase, being largest when the stimulus occurs during inspiration or the period immediately prior to inspiration, and smallest when the stimulus occurs during the expiratory phase.

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Amplitude and Latency Characteristics of the Conditioned Heart Response

Cited by 45 publications

References 5 publications

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Exploratory studies of the conditioning of autonomic responses in curarized dogs.

The Evoked Heart Rate Response During Sleep

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