AMY MILNE-SMITH. London Clubland: A Cultural History of Gender and Class in Late Victorian Britain.

Home and Away: The Flight from Domesticity in Late‐Nineteenth‐Century England Re‐visited

“…It is sometimes forgotten that clubs were for many members a working environment, where business was conducted and working partnerships sustained. 64 More critical still, the appeal of clubs was as 'first and foremost a retreat from women' -a feature which critics at the time made great play of. 65 Finally, men-only settings opened up a wider range of homosocial society.…”