Amygdala activity related to perceived social support

Sato, Wataru; Kochiyama, Takanori; Uono, Shota; Sawada, Reiko; Yoshikawa, Sakiko

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59758-x

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Functional resting state magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has considerable potential to predict human behavior. Using rsfMRI, resting state functional connectivity was shown to be associated with a variety of cognitive performance tasks, such as attention ( Clare Kelly et al, 2008 ), working memory ( Gordon et al, 2012 ) and fluid intelligence ( Cole et al, 2012 ), as well as emotional states ( Bush et al, 2018 ; Kim et al, 2019 ), and stress ( Chen et al, 2019 ; Nowak et al, 2020 ; Sato et al, 2020 ). Currently, no MRI system is available on the ISS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head-Down Tilt Position, but Not the Duration of Bed Rest Affects Resting State Electrocortical Activity

et al. 2021

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Adverse cognitive and behavioral conditions and psychiatric disorders are considered a critical and unmitigated risk during future long-duration space missions (LDSM). Monitoring and mitigating crew health and performance risks during these missions will require tools and technologies that allow to reliably assess cognitive performance and mental well-being. Electroencephalography (EEG) has the potential to meet the technical requirements for the non-invasive and objective monitoring of neurobehavioral conditions during LDSM. Weightlessness is associated with fluid and brain shifts, and these effects could potentially challenge the interpretation of resting state EEG recordings. Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) provides a unique spaceflight analog to study these effects on Earth. Here, we present data from two long-duration HDBR experiments, which were used to systematically investigate the time course of resting state electrocortical activity during prolonged HDBR. EEG spectral power significantly reduced within the delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. Likewise, EEG source localization revealed significantly lower activity in a broad range of centroparietal and occipital areas within the alpha and beta frequency domains. These changes were observed shortly after the onset of HDBR, did not change throughout HDBR, and returned to baseline after the cessation of bed rest. EEG resting state functional connectivity was not affected by HDBR. The results provide evidence for a postural effect on resting state brain activity that persists throughout long-duration HDBR, indicating that immobilization and inactivity per se do not affect resting state electrocortical activity during HDBR. Our findings raise an important issue on the validity of EEG to identify the time course of changes in brain function during prolonged HBDR, and highlight the importance to maintain a consistent body posture during all testing sessions, including data collections at baseline and recovery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head-Down Tilt Position, but Not the Duration of Bed Rest Affects Resting State Electrocortical Activity

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, the protective effects of greater collective efficacy were relatively more robust than the effects of gun violenceremaining statistically significant after accounting confounded socioeconomic resources (16,36). Although most research examining the associations between environmental conditions and corticolimbic function have focused on adverse childhood experiences, our results contribute to an emerging literature highlighting the power of promotive contexts (e.g., perceptions of social support) in shaping affective brain development (37,38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Deadly Gun Violence, Neighborhood Collective Efficacy, and Adolescent Neurobehavioral Outcomes

Gard¹,

Brooks‐Gunn²,

McLanahan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Gun violence is a major public health problem and costs the United States $280 billion annually (1). Although adolescents are disproportionately impacted (e.g., via premature death), we know little about how close adolescents live to deadly gun violence incidents and whether such proximity impacts their socioemotional development (2–4). Moreover, gun violence is likely to shape youth developmental outcomes through biological processes – including functional connectivity within regions of the brain that support emotion processing, salience detection, and physiological stress responses – though little work has examined this hypothesis. Lastly, it is unclear if strong neighborhood social ties can buffer youth from the neurobehavioral effects of gun violence. Within a nationwide birth cohort of 3,444 youth (56% Black, 24% Hispanic) born in large U.S. cities, every additional exposure to a deadly gun violence incident within 500 meters of home in the prior year increased behavioral problems by 7.7%, even after accounting for area-level crime and socioeconomic resources. Incidents that occurred closer to a child’s home exerted larger effects, and stronger neighborhood social ties offset these associations. In a neuroimaging subsample (N = 164) of the larger cohort, exposure to more incidents of gun violence and weaker social ties were associated with weaker amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity during socioemotional processing, a pattern previously linked to less effective emotion regulation. Results provide spatially-sensitive evidence for gun violence effects on adolescent behavior, a potential mechanism through which risk is biologically-embedded, and ways in which positive community factors offset ecological risk.

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“…Moreover, the amygdala has also been linked to loneliness and social support. For example, a decrease in perceived stress and loneliness was moderated by amygdala volumes 34 and the experience of social support was regulated by amygdala activity 35 . Likewise, the ACC has been previously linked not only to loneliness but also to alexithymia: ACC size correlates with alexithymia ratings especially in men 36 and high levels of alexithymia are associated with elevated responses to emotional stimuli in the ACC 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insula reactivity mediates subjective isolation stress in alexithymia

Morr

Lieberz

Dobbelstein

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The risk for developing stress-related disorders is elevated in individuals with high alexithymia, a personality trait characterized by impaired emotional awareness and interpersonal relating. However, it is still unclear how alexithymia alters perceived psychosocial stress and which neurobiological substrates are mechanistically involved. To address this question, we examined freshmen during transition to university, given that this period entails psychosocial stress and frequently initiates psychopathology. Specifically, we used a functional magnetic resonance imaging emotional face matching task to probe emotional processing in 54 participants (39 women) at the beginning of the first year at university and 6 months later. Furthermore, we assessed alexithymia and monitored perceived psychosocial stress and loneliness via questionnaires for six consecutive months. Perceived psychosocial stress significantly increased over time and initial alexithymia predicted subjective stress experiences via enhanced loneliness. On the neural level, alexithymia was associated with lowered amygdala responses to emotional faces, while loneliness correlated with diminished reactivity in the anterior insular and anterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, insula activity mediated the association between alexithymia and loneliness that predicted perceived psychosocial stress. Our findings are consistent with the notion that alexithymia exacerbates subjective stress via blunted insula reactivity and increased perception of social isolation.

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Amygdala activity related to perceived social support

Cited by 20 publications

References 87 publications

Head-Down Tilt Position, but Not the Duration of Bed Rest Affects Resting State Electrocortical Activity

Head-Down Tilt Position, but Not the Duration of Bed Rest Affects Resting State Electrocortical Activity

Deadly Gun Violence, Neighborhood Collective Efficacy, and Adolescent Neurobehavioral Outcomes

Insula reactivity mediates subjective isolation stress in alexithymia

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