Amygdala and dlPFC abnormalities, with aberrant connectivity and habituation in response to emotional stimuli in females with BPD

Dudás, Róbert B.; Mole, Tom; Morris, Laurel S.; Denman, Chess; Hill, Emma; Szalma, Bence; Evans, Davy; Dunn, Barnaby D.; Fletcher, Paul; Voon, Valerie

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.043

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…All four studies (Dudas et al, ; Ille et al, ; Schienle, Haas‐Krammer, Schoggl, Kapfhammer, & Ille, ; Schienle et al, ) employed a case‐controlled design and utilized multi‐item measures of self‐disgust (the QASD). Three of these studies (Dudas et al, ; Schienle et al, ; Schienle et al, ) also demonstrated differential patterns of activation in the amygdala brain regions in the client group relative to a control group, and an increased sensitivity to facial expressions of disgust in others. Schienle et al () postulated that the latter findings may have been due to life experiences that have shaped predictions of rejection, thus sensitizing participants to expressions of disgust from others.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

Clarke

Simpson

Varese

2018

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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This systematic literature review examined the clinical utility of the construct of self‐disgust in understanding mental distress. Specifically, the review assessed whether there is a shared conceptual definition of self‐disgust, the face and construct validity of the quantitative assessment measures of self‐disgust, and the predictive validity of self‐disgust in formulating the development of a range of psychological difficulties. A systematic database search supplemented by manual searches of references and citations identified 31 relevant papers (27 quantitative, 3 qualitative, and 1 mixed). Analysis of qualitative papers indicated a number of shared features in the definition of self‐disgust, including a visceral sense of self‐elicited nausea accompanied by social withdrawal and attempts at cleansing or suppressing aspects of the self. Quantitative assessment measures appeared to capture these dimensions and evidenced good psychometric properties, although some measures may have only partially captured the full self‐disgust construct. Strong relationships were observed between self‐disgust and a range of mental health presentations, in particular, depression, body‐image difficulties, and trauma‐related difficulties. However, these relationships are smaller when the effects of other negative self‐referential emotions were controlled, and stronger conclusions about the predictive validity of self‐disgust are limited by the cross‐sectional nature of many of the studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

Clarke

Simpson

Varese

2018

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…This distinction in the direction of connectivity aberrancy separates FND patients from general disorders of mood and anxiety. Interestingly, increased functional connectivity between amygdala and dorsolateral PFC is found in patients with borderline personality disorder ( Dudas et al, 2017 ), a group that is often characterized by dissociative responses to traumatic emotional events ( Vermetten and Spiegel, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted avoidance learning in functional neurological disorder: Implications for harm avoidance theories

Morris

Baek

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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BackgroundFunctional neurological disorder (FND) is an elusive disorder characterized by unexplained neurological symptoms alongside aberrant cognitive processing and negative affect, often associated with amygdala reactivity.MethodsWe examined the effect of negative conditioning on cognitive function and amygdala reactivity in 25 FND patients and 20 healthy volunteers (HV). Participants were first conditioned to stimuli paired with negative affective or neutral (CS +/CS −) information. During functional MRI, subjects then performed an instrumental associative learning task to avoid monetary losses in the context of the previously conditioned stimuli. We expected that FND patients would be better at learning to avoid losses when faced with negatively conditioned stimuli (increased harm avoidance). Multi-echo resting state fMRI was also collected from the same subjects and a robust denoising method was employed, important for removing motion and physiological artifacts.ResultsFND subjects were more sensitive to the negative CS + compared to HV, demonstrated by a reinforcement learning model. Contrary to expectation, FND patients were generally more impaired at learning to avoid losses under both contexts (CS +/CS −), persisting to choose the option that resulted in a negative outcome demonstrated by both behavioural and computational analyses. FND patients showed enhanced amygdala but reduced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex responses when they received negative feedback. Patients also had increased resting state functional connectivity between these two regions.ConclusionsFND patients had impaired instrumental avoidance learning, findings that parallel previous observations of impaired action-outcome binding. FND patients further show enhanced behavioural and neural sensitivity to negative information. However, this did not translate to improved avoidance learning. Put together, our findings do not support the theory of harm avoidance in FND. We highlight a potential mechanism by which negative contexts interfere with adaptive behaviours in this under-explored disorder.

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“…However, because non-contact measurement technology needs to be verified under physiological change in order to apply the various environments or industries. Many previous studies reported that autonomic nervous system (ANS) has been found to be closely connected with the pupillary rhythms, exhibiting repeated contraction and expansion via the sphincter and dilator muscles (Bonvallet and Zbrozyna, 1963 ; Loewenfeld and Lowenstein, 1993 ; Steinhauer et al, 2000 ; Verney et al, 2001 ; Siegle et al, 2004 ), and the emotional stimuli presented in this study such as arousal, relaxation, positive, and negative are closely related to the ANS (Yang et al, 2007 ; Levenson, 2014 ; Dudas et al, 2017 ). Also, changes in pupillary rhythms have been related to neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (Siegle et al, 2011 ), and this region is known to associate with a more cognitive effort to regulate emotions for affective event (Ochsner et al, 2004 ; Vanderhasselt et al, 2014 ; Dudas et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Infrared Camera-Based Non-contact Measurement of Brain Activity From Pupillary Rhythms

Park

Whang

2018

Front. Physiol.

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Pupillary responses are associated with affective processing, cognitive function, perception, memory, attention, and other brain activities involving neural pathways. The present study aimed to develop a noncontact system to measure brain activity based on pupillary rhythms using an infra-red web camera. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and pupil imaging of 70 undergraduate volunteers (35 female, 35 male) were measured in response to sound stimuli designed to evoke arousal, relaxation, happiness, sadness, or neutral responses. This study successfully developed a real-time system that could detect an EEG spectral index (relative power: low beta in FP1; mid beta in FP1; SMR in FP1; beta in F3; high beta in F8; gamma P4; mu in C4) from pupillary rhythms using the synchronization phenomenon in harmonic frequency (1/100 f) between the pupil and brain oscillations. This method was effective in measuring and evaluating brain activity using a simple, low-cost, noncontact system, and may be an alternative to previous methods used to evaluate brain activity.

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Amygdala and dlPFC abnormalities, with aberrant connectivity and habituation in response to emotional stimuli in females with BPD

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

Disrupted avoidance learning in functional neurological disorder: Implications for harm avoidance theories

Infrared Camera-Based Non-contact Measurement of Brain Activity From Pupillary Rhythms

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