Amygdalin Analogs for the Treatment of Psoriasis

Abstract

Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent immune-mediated illness worldwide. The disease can still only be managed rather than cured, so treatments are aimed at clearing skin lesions and preventing their recurrence. Several treatments are available depending on the extent of the psoriatic lesion. Among the topical treatments corticostereoids, vitamin D3 analogs and retinoids are commonly used. However, these treatments may have adverse effects in the long term. Conversely, systemic conventional treatments include immunosuppresors such as cyclosporin or methotrexate associated with high toxicity levels. Biologicals are alternative therapeutical agents introduced in the last 10 years. These include fusion proteins or monoclonal antibodies designed to inhibit the action of specific cytokines or to prevent T-lymphocyte activation. However, due to recent knowledge on the etiology of the disease, diverse new small molecules have appeared as promising alternatives for the treatment of psoriasis. Among them, inhibitors of JAK3, inhibitors of PDE 4 and amygdalin analogs. The latter are promising small molecules presently in preclinical studies which are the object of the present report.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Amygdalin reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic liver injury in rats by down-regulating PI3K/AKT, JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB signalling pathways

“…Amygdalin (AG), a natural product derived from the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine, has a lot of cell-protective functions in many cell lines [18][19][20]. Previous studies have suggested that AG has multiple pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antibiotic, and anti-inflammation activities [21,22]. Recent studies [23] have reported that AG markedly improved glucose tolerance, and ameliorates insulin action in obese and/or diabetic patients by activating a signalling pathway related to glucose metabolism.…”

East Indian Sandalwood Oil (EISO) Alleviates Inflammatory and Proliferative Pathologies of Psoriasis

“…Conventional treatments for psoriasis are typically topical therapies, all of which come with potentially severe side effects (Schafer, 2012; Ports et al, 2013; Perez, 2013; Hsu and Armstrong, 2014). Topical therapies available for mild-to-moderate psoriasis include keratolytics (salicylic acid, urea); topical retinoids (Tazarotene); topical vitamin analogs (calcitriol, tacalcitol, and calcipotriol); calcineurin inhibitors (pimecrolimus and tacrolimus); emollients; dithranol, and tars (Laws and Young, 2010; Murphy and Reich, 2011).…”

Review on Pharmacological Activity of Amygdalin

“…Laetrile can promote action of type 1 collagenase released by human kidney fibroblast in definite action of time and concentration which inhibit certain expression of type 1 collagenase and human kidney fibroblast production, which encourage apoptosis of human renal fibroblast [4,5].…”

“…Amygdalin functions depends upon the TGF-β manner, and encourage apoptosis or caspase mediated cell death in plaque area. Amygdalin has the therapeutic potential of treating and preventing of atherosclerosis [4,5]. …”