Amylases StAmy23, StBAM1 and StBAM9 regulate cold-induced sweetening of potato tubers in distinct ways

Hou, Juan; Zhang, Huiling; Liu, Jun; Reid, Stephen; Liu, Tengfei; Xu, Shijing; Tian, Zhendong; Sonnewald, Uwe; Song, Botao; Xie, Conghua

doi:10.1093/jxb/erx076

Cited by 81 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Only expression of the alpha‐amylase 23 ( StAmy23 ) increased about 2.5‐fold under heat conditions (Figure d) which may together with the overall lower expression of starch biosynthesis genes account for the reduced accumulation of transitory starch. StAmy23 localizes in the cytoplasm and was suggested to play a role in the degradation of cytosolic phytoglycogen (Hou et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering source and sink responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to elevated temperatures

Hastilestari

Lorenz

Reid

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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Potato is an important staple food with increasing popularity worldwide. Elevated temperatures significantly impair tuber yield and quality. Breeding heat-tolerant cultivars is therefore an urgent need to ensure sustainable potato production in the future. An integrated approach combining physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology was undertaken to contribute to a better understanding of heat effects on source- (leaves) and sink-organs (tubers) in a heat-susceptible cultivar. An experimental set-up was designed allowing tissue-specific heat application. Elevated day and night (29°C/27°C) temperatures impaired photosynthesis and assimilate production. Biomass allocation shifted away from tubers towards leaves indicating reduced sink strength of developing tubers. Reduced sink strength of tubers was paralleled by decreased sucrose synthase activity and expression under elevated temperatures. Heat-mediated inhibition of tuber growth coincided with a decreased expression of the phloem-mobile tuberization signal SP6A in leaves. SP6A expression and photosynthesis were also affected, when only the belowground space was heated, and leaves were kept under control conditions. By contrast, the negative effects on tuber metabolism were attenuated, when only the shoot was subjected to elevated temperatures. This, together with transcriptional changes discussed, indicated a bidirectional communication between leaves and tubers to adjust the source capacity and/or sink strength to environmental conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the accumulation of transitory starch was clearly decreased in leaves grown under heat conditions (Figure 3c), expression profiles of starch genes as described by Van Harsselaar, Lorenz, Senning, Sonnewald, and Sonnewald (2017) were analysed (Table S7) (Hou et al, 2017).…”

Section: Naked Pinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering source and sink responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to elevated temperatures

Hastilestari

Lorenz

Reid

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Our previous research demonstrated that genes involved in starch degradation and sucrose cleavage were differentially expressed between CIS‐resistant and CIS‐sensitive potato genotypes upon exposing to low temperature (Chen et al, ). Further studies confirmed that regulating starch hydrolysis (Hou et al, ; Zhang et al, ) and sucrose cleavage (Lin et al, ; Liu et al, ) impacted on potato CIS and chip color. We also detected abundant expression of the genes involved in glycolysis and speculated that potato CIS may be synergistically controlled by different metabolic pathways (Chen et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Cytosolic glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenases play crucial roles in controlling cold‐induced sweetening and apical dominance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

Liu

Fang

Liu

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an important enzyme that functions in producing energy and supplying intermediates for cellular metabolism. Recent researches indicate that GAPDHs have multiple functions beside glycolysis. However, little information is available for functions of GAPDHs in potato. Here, we identified 4 putative cytosolic GAPDH genes in potato genome and demonstrated that the StGAPC1, StGAPC2, and StGAPC3, which are constitutively expressed in potato tissues and cold inducible in tubers, encode active cytosolic GAPDHs. Cosuppression of these 3 GAPC genes resulted in low tuber GAPDH activity, consequently the accumulation of reducing sugars in cold stored tubers by altering the tuber metabolite pool sizes favoring the sucrose pathway. Furthermore, GAPCs-silenced tubers exhibited a loss of apical dominance dependent on cell death of tuber apical bud meristem (TAB-meristem). It was also confirmed that StGAPC1, StGAPC2, and StGAPC3 interacted with the autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3), implying that the occurrence of cell death in TAB-meristem could be induced by ATG3 associated events. Collectively, the present research evidences first that the GAPC genes play crucial roles in diverse physiological and developmental processes in potato tubers.

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“…Starch is metabolized to reducing sugars by a series of enzymes catalyzing the reactions of starch breakdown and hexogenesis. Several studies have demonstrated the implication of these processes in CIS 16–20 . However, the amount of reducing sugars generated in the potato tubers is the function of a synergistic action of the enzymes catalyzing the afore-mentioned processes and the interrelated pathways of starch synthesis, glycolysis, and respiration 13,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential DNA methylation in theVinvpromoter region controls Cold Induced Sweetening in potato

Shumbe

Visse

Soares

et al. 2020

Preprint

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12Control of potato sprouting is important to ensure constant supply of high-quality potato to the 13 industry. Efficient control of sprouting can be achieved by chemical treatment or cold temperature. 14 Recent bans on anti-sprouting molecules are prompting the use of cold storage in the potato value 15 chain. Unfortunately, storage of potato at low temperatures is associated with cold induced 16 sweetening (CIS) due to the induction of the vacuolar invertase gene under low temperatures. 17 Because CIS is associated with the production of the potentially carcinogenic acrylamide in 18 processed potatoes, concise knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms controlling the CIS- 19 phenotype in potatoes is expected to help pave the way for the production of CIS-resistant potato 20 varieties. Here, we dissect the promoters of the Vacuolar invertase (Vinv) genes from CIS-21 susceptible and CIS-resistant varieties to investigate their implication in CIS-phenotype 22 determination. Using bisulfite sequencing and CRISPR-dCas9-DRM2-mediated de novo DNA 23 methylation, we show that the CIS-resistant phenotype of Verdi, is in part due to hypermethylation 24 of its Vinv promoter, more specifically in the 1.0-1.7kb region. Those findings open new 25 perspectives to engineer CIS-resistant potatoes by genome and epigenome modifications. 26Page 2 of 32 Introduction: 27 A major problem faced by the potato processing industry nowadays is finding a balance between 28 sprout control during storage and quality of the processed products. The recent ban on the use of 29 Chlorpropham (CIPC) for sprout control in the European union (EU2019/989 of 17 June 2019) 30 results from its potentially toxic and carcinogenic effects 1,2 and the detection of CIPC residues and 31 its primary metabolite 3-chloroaniline in raw and processed potatoes 3,4 . In this context there is an 32 urgent need to develop efficient and safe alternatives to CIPC to control sprouting in the potato 33 value chain. 34 Alternatives such as ethylene 5 , 1, 4-Dimethylnapthalene (1,4-DMN) 6 , 3-Decen-2-one 7 and Maleic 35 hydrazide 8 have been used over the years in the EU, USA and Canada. However, compounds such 36 as 1,4-DMN are also subjected to Maximum Residue Level (MRL) in the EU, implying a degree 37 of unsafety. Safer alternatives are provided by natural essential oils such as Spearmint oil (BIOX-38 M), Caraway oil and Clove oil 9-11 . However, most of these natural oils require high concentrations 39 to achieve effective sprout inhibition, thus rendering them less cost effective. 40 The use of anti-sprouting chemicals can be circumvented by storing potatoes at physiologically 41 inactive temperature. This cost-effective approach also minimizes water loss and reduces disease 42 incidence 12 . However, low temperature storage at 4 °C enhances the breakdown of starch to 43 reducing sugars (glucose and fructose) leading to the so-called Cold induced Sweetening (CIS) 13 . 44 Upon processing at high temperatures, these reducing sugars undergo a ...

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Amylases StAmy23, StBAM1 and StBAM9 regulate cold-induced sweetening of potato tubers in distinct ways

Abstract: HighlightStAmy23, StBAM1 and StBAM9 play distinct roles in potato cold-induced sweetening by preferentially acting on soluble phytoglycogen, soluble starch and starch granules, respectively, in different subcellular locations.

Cited by 81 publications

References 57 publications

Deciphering source and sink responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to elevated temperatures

Deciphering source and sink responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to elevated temperatures

Cytosolic glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenases play crucial roles in controlling cold‐induced sweetening and apical dominance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

Differential DNA methylation in theVinvpromoter region controls Cold Induced Sweetening in potato

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