Amyloid in the horse: A report of nine cases

Abstract

Out of approximately 16,000 horses referred for clinical examination, nine had amyloidosis. Six of these horses had localised amyloid deposits in the wall of the nasal meatus and ventral turbinates associated with epistaxis. Horse 1 also developed malignant histiolymphocytic lymphosarcomas. The amyloid deposits were potassium permanganate-resistant and tryptophan-positive. Gel filtration of solubilised amyloid fibrils from Horse 1 revealed a major retarded fraction with an apparent molecular weight of 20 kD. This protein had an amino acid composition similar to human AL-amyloid proteins and horse immunoglobulin light chains. On Western blot a strong cross-reaction was observed between horse lgGza light chains and the Horse 1 amyloid. Horses 7 to 9 had suppurative verminous aneurysm, tuberculosis and an adrenal cortical adenoma, respectively, and had generalised amyloid deposits in liver and spleen. These amyloid deposits were found to be potassium permanganatesensitive and positive for tryptophan. Gel filtration of solubilised amyloid fibrils from Horse 8 revealed a major retarded fraction (protein AA) with an apparent molecular weight of 10 kD. Immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase staining showed the localised deposits to be negative or only weakly positive with antisera against bovine, hamster, dog and human protein AA and to be positive with anti-horse-one amyloid protein. The generalised deposits were found to be positive with the antisera against allogenic protein AA. The results of the potassium permanganate incubation, biochemistry, immunoblotting and immunochemistry, indicate that the localised amyloid of Horse 1 and most likely the amyloid of Horses 2 to 6, is of the AL-type. The generalised amyloid deposits were found to be of the AA type. Scrapie prions aggregate to form amyloid-like birefringent rods. Cell. 35,349-358. scnrrl/. .J. I~~~~~~~~~~~~. ' 20. SMI.

A syndrome associated with growth depression and amyloid arthropathy in layers: A preliminary report

“…It is found in man, horse and dog (Van Andel et al, 1988b;linke & Trautwein, 1989). In endocrine organs of the 'amine precursor-uptake and -decarboxylation' (APUD)-series, so-called APUD-amyloid may be found (Gruys, 1979;Grays & Timmermans, 1979).…”

“…In over half of the spontaneous ovine scrapie cases, localized amyloid deposits can be found in the brain on histology (Gilmour et al, 1985;Gruys, 1988). In man and animals, moreover, a still growing series of other chemical types of amyloid with associated different organ localization patterns and disease entities occurs (Van Andel et al, 1988b).…”

Nasal and ocular amyloidosis in a 15-year-old horse

“…Presumed ALPS2Dyspnoea, epistaxisT: Topical cortisone,O: No effect - euthanasia - one case. One case: NR1988Van Andel et al ., Niewold et al .# [14,17]6ALPS, IHC* Case 1WB AAS WB, AAS61Case 1- nodules subcutaneously, within fasciae and muscle, superficial lymph nodes, oesophagus, synovium, ileocaceal valve, thoracic cavityDyspnoea, stertor, epistaxis, wastingCase 1: Histolymphocytic lymphosarcomaT: Case 1; none,O: Euthanasia, Case 1,Case 2–6: NR1989Linke and Trautwein [13]2ALIHC2DyspnoeaT: Surgical excisionO: NR 1990 Mould et al . [ 16 ] 1 AL WB, PS 1 1 Epistaxis and blood tinged epiphora T: Surgical excision, O: Clinical relief, no recurrence 9 month follow-up 1994Kasper et al .…”

Lung, ileum and heart are predilection sites for AApoAII amyloid deposition in CD-1 Swiss mice used for toxicity studies. Pulmonary amyloid indicates AApoAII

“…AL-amyloid has been diagnosed primarily in human patients lPage et al 1972, Miura et al 19931.It has also been described in the skin and upper respiratory tract of the dog (Geisel et al 1990, Rowland et al 1991 and horse (Van Andel et al 1988, Linke & Trautwein 1989, Linke et al 1991, Kongsrud et al 1994. Diffuse pulmonary amyloid deposits, such as in the CD-l Swiss mouse, are found in human ATTR-amyloidosis.…”