Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Lonergan, Roisin; Mistumoto, H.; Murray, Brian J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6567-6_20

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Despite the wide range of potential cognitive and behavioral impairments associated with ALS [Goldstein and Abrahams, ], executive dysfunction remains the most prevalent [Lonergan et al, ; Strong, ; Tsermentseli et al, ; Woolley and Strong, ]. Studies have demonstrated a dependence of executive processing on frontal and temporal lobes [Alvarez and Emory, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While frontotemporal dysfunction in ALS may present as a behavioral impairment (ALSbi) or as frontotemporal dementia (ALS‐FTD), the cognitively impaired (ALSci) syndrome is the most prevalent, with 35%–50% of patients exhibiting mild to moderate cognitive impairment [Strong, ]. Executive dysfunction, the most prevalent manifestation of cognitive impairment in ALS, is present in more than 40% of non‐demented ALS patients [Lonergan et al, ], and has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis, independent of a diagnosis of FTD [Elamin et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Executive dysfunction typically presents itself as a deficit in verbal fluency, set shifting, cognitive inhibition, selective attention, or memory [Lonergan et al, ], and has been shown through lesion and functional imaging studies to be related to frontal cortex damage [Alvarez and Emory, ]. A common finding of white matter studies in ALS utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography [Sarro et al, ] and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) [Ciccarelli et al, ; Prudlo et al, ; Zhang et al, ] is a reduction in fractional anisotropy (FA) within motor, as well as frontal and prefrontal regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these studies [Lo et al, ; Rae et al, ; Reijmer et al, ] suggest that neurodegeneration of inter‐cortical white matter tracts, and disconnectivity of the topological network may underlie executive dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders, few studies have specifically investigated this relationship within ALS. Furthermore, despite accumulating evidence of frontal white matter abnormalities [Ciccarelli et al, ; Pettit et al, ; Prudlo et al, ; Sarro et al, ; Zhang et al, ], disrupted topological networks [Buchanan et al, ; Verstraete et al, ] and a high prevalence of executive dysfunction in ALS [Lonergan et al, ], only one study to date has attempted to determine if extra‐motor white matter abnormalities are specific to cognitively impaired, as compared with cognitively competent, ALS patients [Sarro et al, ]. While it was shown by Sarro et al, [] that ALS cognitively impaired (ALSci) patients display more extra‐motor reductions in structural integrity relative to controls, DTI tractography failed to identify differences in white matter microstructure in a direct comparison between ALSci and ALS cognitively competent (ALScc) patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White matter structural network abnormalities underlie executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Dimond

Ishaque

Chenji

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Research in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggests that executive dysfunction, a prevalent cognitive feature of the disease, is associated with abnormal structural connectivity and white matter integrity. In this exploratory study, we investigated the white matter constructs of executive dysfunction, and attempted to detect structural abnormalities specific to cognitively impaired ALS patients. Eighteen ALS patients and 22 age and education matched healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a 4.7 Tesla scanner and completed neuropsychometric testing. ALS patients were categorized into ALS cognitively impaired (ALSci, n = 9) and ALS cognitively competent (ALScc, n = 5) groups. Tract-based spatial statistics and connectomics were used to compare white matter integrity and structural connectivity of ALSci and ALScc patients. Executive function performance was correlated with white matter FA and network metrics within the ALS group. Executive function performance in the ALS group correlated with global and local network properties, as well as FA, in regions throughout the brain, with a high predilection for the frontal lobe. ALSci patients displayed altered local connectivity and structural integrity in these same frontal regions that correlated with executive dysfunction. Our results suggest that executive dysfunction in ALS is related to frontal network disconnectivity, which potentially mediates domain-specific, or generalized cognitive impairment, depending on the degree of global network disruption. Furthermore, reported co-localization of decreased network connectivity and diminished white matter integrity suggests white matter pathology underlies this topological disruption. We conclude that executive dysfunction in ALSci is associated with frontal and global network disconnectivity, underlined by diminished white matter integrity. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1249-1268, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

White matter structural network abnormalities underlie executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Dimond

Ishaque

Chenji

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Natural history of muscle cramps in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

et al. 2015

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Introduction Muscle cramping is a common symptom in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) without efficacious treatment. The natural history of this symptom is unknown, which hampers efforts to design optimal clinical trials. Methods We surveyed early stage ALS patients about their experience with cramps each month by phone for up to 21 months. Results Cramps developed in 95% of patients over the course of their disease. The number of cramps experienced by an individual varied widely from month-to-month and trended lower after the first year of illness (P = 0.26). Those with limb-onset and age >60 years had more cramps than bulbar-onset (P<0.0001) and younger patients (P<0.0001). Discussion The high variability of the number of cramps experienced suggests that clinical trials will need to use crossover designs or large numbers of participants, even when the treatment effect is substantial.

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Investigating the Feasibility of BCI-Based Social Media Interaction

Syan

Harnarinesingh

2016

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 153 publications

White matter structural network abnormalities underlie executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

White matter structural network abnormalities underlie executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Natural history of muscle cramps in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Investigating the Feasibility of BCI-Based Social Media Interaction

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