An 8-Year Study on the Elimination of PCBs and Other Organochlorine Compounds from Eel (Anguilla anguilla) under Natural Conditions

Boer, Jacob de; Valk, F. van der; Kerkhoff, Mia A.T.; Hagel, P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.

doi:10.1021/es00062a007

Cited by 70 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This means that, considering a biological half-life of PCBs between 1 and 4 years (de Boer et al 1994), there will be an increase in the concentration of the dioxin-like compounds of at least 40%. Hence, the TEQ values in gonads of the eels spawning in the Sargasso Sea will be even higher than those in the gonads of the artificially spawned eels in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are dioxin-like contaminants responsible for the eel (Anguilla anguilla) drama?

Palstra

Ginneken

Murk

et al. 2006

Naturwissenschaften

132

119

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Eel populations worldwide are dangerously close to collapsing. Our study is the first to show that current levels of dioxin-like contaminants are strong candidates because of their devastating effects on development and survival of eel embryos. Female and male silver eels were artificially stimulated to maturation and reproduction by treatment with carp pituitary extracts and hCG, respectively. During maturation of female European silver eels, about 60 g fat per kg eel is incorporated in the oocytes. Together with the fat, however, persistent organic pollutants such as dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are incorporated too. The total dioxin-like toxic potency of the individual gonad batches was determined as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxine equivalents (TEQs), using an in vitro reporter gene assay. The observed differences in development and survival showed a significant negative correlation with the TEQ levels in the gonads, already at levels far below the maximal allowable level for fish consumption, i.e., 4 ng TEQ/kg fish. The clear inverse relationship between the TEQ level and the survival period of the fertilised eggs strongly suggests that the current levels of dioxin-like compounds seriously impair the reproduction of the European eel. The peak of the environmental levels of dioxin-like PCBs and the decline of eel coincide worldwide, further suggesting that, in addition to other threats, these contaminants contributed significantly to the current collapse in eel populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained TEQ value is specific for dioxin-like compounds including PCBs as well as polyhalogenated dibenzodioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs). However, dioxin-like PCBs are predominant in aquatic ecosystems (de Boer et al 1994;Murk et al 1998). In eel, PCBs constitute at least 86% of the total TEQ (de Vries 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are dioxin-like contaminants responsible for the eel (Anguilla anguilla) drama?

Palstra

Ginneken

Murk

et al. 2006

Naturwissenschaften

132

119

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“…5 The measurement of OCS has been taken in various types of sample such as water, sediment, fish, bird's eggs, blood from workers, and humans with high consumption of fish in the factory. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition, monochlorostyrenes and dichlorostyrenes as degradation products of OCS have been detected in environment. The presence of these compounds could indicate that OCS was released to the environmental from industrial sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various analytical methods have been used to measure chlorostyrenes concentrations in sediment, fish and human blood [6][7][8][9] to determine not only the presence of them but also their concentrations in samples with precision and accuracy. Documented methods for quantitation of chlorostyrenes in biological samples utilized commonly capillary column gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detector (ECD) 9 or combined with mass spectrometry (MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Documented methods for quantitation of chlorostyrenes in biological samples utilized commonly capillary column gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detector (ECD) 9 or combined with mass spectrometry (MS). 6,8,17 Prior to GC or GC/MS analysis, conventional approach to analyze chlorostyrenes in biological sample involves extraction followed by a multistep purification using various adsorbents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Determination of Chlorostyrenes in Fish by Freezing-Lipid Filtration, Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Kim¹,

Park²,

Pyo³

et al. 2008

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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An analytical method has been developed for measuring chlorostyrenes in fish tissue sample. Extraction of chlorostyrenes from fish tissue was carried out by ultrasonication using acetone/n-hexane (5:2, v/v) mixture. Most of the lipids in the extract were eliminated by freezing-lipid filtration, prior to solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup. During freezing-lipid filtration, about 90% of the lipids extracted from the fish samples were easily removed without any significant losses of chlorostyrenes. For purification, SPE using Florisil was used for the rapid and effective cleanup. Quantification was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. Spiking experiments were carried out to determine the recovery, precision, and limits of detection (LODs) of the method. The overall recovery was above 80% in the spiked fish tissue sample at 10 and 100 ng/g levels, respectively. The detection limits for chlorostyrenes were ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 ng/g. This developed method is demonstrated to give efficient recoveries and LODs for detecting chlorostyrenes spiked into fish tissue with high lipid content.

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Transfer and Transcriptomic Profiling in Liver and Brain of European Eels (Anguilla anguilla) After Diet-borne Exposure to Gold Nanoparticles

Perrier

Bertucci

Pierron

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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A nanometric revolution is underway, promising technical innovations in a wide range of applications and leading to a potential boost in environmental discharges. The propensity of nanoparticles (NPs) to be transferred throughout trophic chains and to generate toxicity was mainly assessed in primary consumers, whereas a lack of knowledge for higher trophic levels persists. The present study focused on a predatory fish, the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) exposed to gold NPs (AuNPs; 10 nm, polyethylene glycol-coated) for 21 d at 3 concentration levels in food: 0 (NP0), 1 (NP1), and 10 (NP10) mg Au kg −1. Transfer was assessed by Au quantification in eel tissues, and transcriptomic responses in the liver and brain were revealed by a high-throughput RNA-sequencing approach. Eels fed at NP10 presented an erratic feeding behavior, whereas Au quantification only indicated transfer to intestine and kidney of NP1-exposed eels. Sequencing of RNA was performed in NP0 and NP1 eels. A total of 258 genes and 156 genes were significantly differentially transcribed in response to AuNP trophic exposure in the liver and brain, respectively. Enrichment analysis highlighted modifications in the immune system-related processes in the liver. In addition, results pointed out a shared response of both organs regarding 13 genes, most of them being involved in immune functions. This finding may shed light on the mode of action and toxicity of AuNPs in fish.

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An 8-Year Study on the Elimination of PCBs and Other Organochlorine Compounds from Eel (Anguilla anguilla) under Natural Conditions

Cited by 70 publications

References 31 publications

Are dioxin-like contaminants responsible for the eel (Anguilla anguilla) drama?

Are dioxin-like contaminants responsible for the eel (Anguilla anguilla) drama?

Rapid Determination of Chlorostyrenes in Fish by Freezing-Lipid Filtration, Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Transfer and Transcriptomic Profiling in Liver and Brain of European Eels (Anguilla anguilla) After Diet-borne Exposure to Gold Nanoparticles

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