“…Thiophene's planar aromatic nature and singly-bonded constituents allows RIM from π-stacking interactions and the enantiotropic mesomorphism mentioned previously [25,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. In general, thiophene is proven to act as a donor for a fluorescent charge transfer state in many AIE-active luminophores, but never for CQDs or any materials [40,41,45]. Additionally, in the three cases just mentioned, the acceptor in the fluorescent charge transfer was a conjugated aromatic system where two of the systems had nitrogen doping in this acceptor.…”