An AC–DC Hybrid Multi-Port Energy Router With Coordinated Control and Energy Management Strategies

Liu, Bin; Wu, Wen Li; Zhou, Chunxiao; Mao, Chengxiong; Wang, Dan; Duan, Qing; Sha, Guanglin

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2933469

Cited by 97 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A hierarchical optimization strategy is put forward for the energy router to reduce the complexity of centralized optimal dispatch on large-scale systems and protect the information privacy of different sub-grids in [12]. At the microgrid level, energy router manages the power flow among microgrids to enable proper energy share, avoid congestions and mitigate unbalanced 3 phase AC loading [13]- [15]. A peer to peer control strategy is proposed for this energy router to achieve distributed power sharing in both grid-connected and islanded mode in [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling the Smart and Flexible Management of Energy Prosumers via the Energy Router With Parallel Operation Mode

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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With the increasing penetration of renewable distributed generations (DGs), large numbers of ''energy prosumers'' are emerging rapidly. There will be severe impacts on the utility grid if these renewable DGs are not managed properly. Smart electrical power devices which enable high flexibility in energy management, alleviation in harmonic pollutions and friendly interactions with the utility grid are needed urgently. To meet all these requirements, a novel energy router which enables a unique parallel operation mode to the energy prosumer is presented. Facilitated with a bi-directional DC/AC converter, a switch array module and a fuzzy logic based hierarchical control strategy, the presented energy router enables plug-and-play connections and reliable energy management for the energy prosumer. The switch array and the parallel mode enable the loads to be flexibly scheduled to reduce energy cost and improve system performance. MATLAB/Simulink model of the energy prosumer is set up and a fuzzy logic based hierarchical control strategy is implemented for transient power balance control in various operation modes. Simulation results have demonstrated high flexibility, stability and feasibility of the proposed energy router in energy management of the prosumer, which will contribute to the better utilization of the ever-growing renewable energies. INDEX TERMS Energy router, power converter, hierarchical system, fuzzy control, energy storage, energy management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling the Smart and Flexible Management of Energy Prosumers via the Energy Router With Parallel Operation Mode

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…In literature, authors in [15] suggested an AC/DC hybrid microgrid comprising wind, supercapacitors, and hydrogen-based energy to regulate the power fed to the microgrid. This DC system has all energy sources coupled to a shared DC-bus, which is then linked with the grid using a primary inverter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cooperative Controller for Inverters of Smart Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a novel cooperative control technique concerning fully-distributed AC/DC microgrids. Distributed generation based on inverters has two types, i.e., Current Source Inverter (CSI), also referred to as PQ inverter, and Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). Both inverter forms have a two-layer coordination mechanism. This paper proposes a design method for the digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) controller that regulates the current inside an inverter. The inverters will improve the voltage quality of the microgrid while maintaining the average voltage of buses at the same desired level. There is comprehensive detail on the computations specific to resonant and proportional gains and digital resonance path coefficients. The paper includes a digital PR controller design and its analysis in the frequency domain. The analysis is based on the w-domain. The main contribution of this paper is the proposed method, which not only focuses on the transient response but also improves the steady-state response which smoothens the voltage; furthermore, all inverters are effectively involved to increase the capacity of the microgrid for better power management. The suggested cooperative control technique is used on an IEEE 14-bus system having fully distributed communication. The convincing outcomes indicate that the suggested control technique is an effectual means of regulating the microgrid’s voltage to obtain an evener and steady voltage profile. The microgrid comprises distributed resources and is used as the primary element to analyse power flow and quality indicators associated with a smart grid. Lastly, numerical simulation observations are utilised for substantiating the recommended algorithm.

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“…The second power stage is composed of a traditional single‐phase DC–AC converter, proposing a predictive mode control for the SA operation. A multi‐port ER structure is able to interconnect a medium‐ and low‐voltage DC bus, a dedicated bus for the ESS and two AC ports (one to connect to the grid and the second supply AC load) [15]. A similar multi‐port configuration is used in [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy router for SC: GC, SA and transition mode controls

Vilhena

Roncero‐Clemente

Delgado-Gomes

et al. 2020

IET Renewable Power Generation

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From the electrical point of view, the concept of smart community (SC) was defined as a distributed system consisting of a set of smart homes, distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) using SC controllers to enable smart power management. In this context, the SC energy management system (SCEMS) acts as aggregator of these resources, aiming to assure benefits for every SC stakeholder by setting the SC operation. The references given by the SCEMS must be accurately tracked by the energy routers (ERs), intended as one of the key components of the SC, acting as smart interface between the utility grid and the prosumers' DER and ESS. This study proposes a flexible, robust and simple control strategy for a single-phase ER. The ER regulates the active and reactive powers in grid-connected (GC) mode, and the voltage and frequency when operating in stand-alone (SA) mode. A seamless transition between SA and GC is demonstrated, avoiding undesired transients. The design and implementation of the proposed control strategy is progressively explained. Finally, this is tested via simulation (in PSCAD/EMTDC software) and verified with the experimental prototype.

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An AC–DC Hybrid Multi-Port Energy Router With Coordinated Control and Energy Management Strategies

Cited by 97 publications

References 26 publications

Enabling the Smart and Flexible Management of Energy Prosumers via the Energy Router With Parallel Operation Mode

Enabling the Smart and Flexible Management of Energy Prosumers via the Energy Router With Parallel Operation Mode

A Novel Cooperative Controller for Inverters of Smart Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

Energy router for SC: GC, SA and transition mode controls

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