“…However, the complexities around it, particularly while the model was still in its infancy, originally deterred us from adopting it. These included the high workload required to pre-select a pool of titles, the question of how to handle de-duplication against titles already in the collection, the uncertainty of whether titles in the pool would be used and the quality of the metrics provided to make selection decisions at the end of the access period (Borchert & Cleary, 2015;Robbeloth et al, 2017;Spratt et al, 2017;Tran & Guo, 2021). Not least, the difficulty of having to commit a large sum of money up-front and how to deal with it in terms of shrinking budgets has also always been a significant challenge.…”