An accurate bilinear cavern model for compressed air energy storage

Zhan, Junpeng; Ansari, Osama Aslam; Liu, Weijia; Chung, C. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.104

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, bilinear system is widely used in various fields of industrial engineering. [22][23][24] In consideration of the fact that blast furnace ironmaking is a complex nonlinear dynamic system, a bilinear system model can be introduced to improve the accuracy of modeling blast furnace ironmaking process. Moreover, Krotov's method has received special attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal tracking control for blast furnace molten iron quality based on subspace identification and Krotov's method

Liu

Zhou

2023

Optim Control Appl Methods

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SummaryBlast furnace ironmaking is a complex nonlinear dynamic process, which has strict requirements on the quality of final molten iron. To improve the control effect of molten iron quality, this paper proposes an optimal tracking control method for molten iron quality based on the bilinear subspace identification and Krotov's method. First, a state space model between key process variables and blast furnace molten iron quality, using the bilinear subspace identification method, is established based on actual industrial data. Then, an augmented system is established combining the state vector and the reference trajectory, and the improving feedback controller is designed by solving a set of Riccati equations, which are established based on Krotov's method. In combination with the designed controller and the established system, the specific implementation steps are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed method are verified based on actual industrial data of a large blast furnace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal tracking control for blast furnace molten iron quality based on subspace identification and Krotov's method

Liu

Zhou

2023

Optim Control Appl Methods

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“…Therefore, the storage of surplus electricity is a very important aspect for the management of the electrical energy supply. Electrical energy cannot be stored for long periods of time, however, it can be transformed into mechanical and chemical energies and stored them for later usage, besides the devices for the storage of electrical energy (capacitors and supercapacitors) possess range values from 10 −2 s to 10 2 s. From the mechanical point of view, compressed air and hydro storage systems are the main options commercially available 3,4 . Additionally, chemical storage of electrical energy involves several devices, such as batteries, electrolyzers, and fuel cells 5–7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical energy cannot be stored for long periods of time, however, it can be transformed into mechanical and chemical energies and stored them for later usage, besides the devices for the storage of electrical energy (capacitors and supercapacitors) possess range values from 10 À2 s to 10 2 s. From the mechanical point of view, compressed air and hydro storage systems are the main options commercially available. 3,4 Additionally, chemical storage of electrical energy involves several devices, such as batteries, electrolyzers, and fuel cells. [5][6][7] Among fuel cell technology, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), 8 enzymatic fuel cell (EFC), 9 proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) 10 and anionic exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) 11 are few of the technologies currently in development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and ex‐situ evaluation of quaternized polysulfone as an anion exchange ionomer for AEM technologies

Salazar‐Gastélum

Beltrán‐Gastélum

Calva-Yáñez

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Anion exchange ionomer (AEI) is a critical component used on anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) and alkaline water electrolyzer (AWE). In this work, quaternized polysulfone with different functionalization degree were used as an ionomer to evaluate the performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), both implied in the operation of AEMFC and AWE. The synthesized ionomer exhibited a better performance in both reactions in comparison to the commercial AEI Aemion®. PSf‐130 exhibited better performance, since IEC and surface area increases twice regarding the same parameters in the PSf‐60. The PSf‐130 conductivity increases three times regarding the value exhibited by PSf‐60. Finally, the Jlim and Jk increases 67% and 100% for ORR. On the other hand, the same catalytic parameter increased 44% and 35% for HOR comparing both polysulfone‐based ionomers. The Tafel slope values do not showed drastically changes for different ionomers indicating the same rate determining step (RDS) and the same mechanism in both reactions for all the ionomers.

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“…Alternatively, electrical energy can be transformed into mechanical and chemical energies and stored for later use. From a mechanical point of view, compressed air and hydro storage systems are the main options commercially available [3,4]. However, the storage of electrical energy by either the chemical or the electrochemical route involves several devices, such as batteries, electrolyzers, and fuel cells [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Low Pt Loading in PtCo Catalysts for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction: What Role Do Co Nanoparticles Play?

et al. 2021

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The effect of the nature of the catalyst on the performance and mechanism of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is discussed for the first time in this work. HOR is an anodic reaction that takes place in anionic exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) and hydrogen pumps (HPs). Among the investigated catalysts, Pt exhibited the best performance in the HOR. However, the cost and the availability limit the usage. Co is incorporated as a co-catalyst due to its oxophylic nature. Five different PtCo catalysts with different Pt loading values were synthesized in order to decrease Pt loading. The catalytic activities and the reaction mechanism were studied via electrochemical techniques, and it was found that both features are a function of Pt loading; low-Pt-loading catalysts (Pt loading < 2.7%) led to a high half-wave potential in the hydrogen oxidation reaction, which is related to higher activation energy and an intermediate Tafel slope value, related to a mixed HOR mechanism. However, catalysts with moderate Pt loading (Pt loading > 3.1%) exhibited lower E1/2 than the other catalysts and exhibited a mechanism similar to that of commercial Pt catalysts. Our results demonstrate that Co plays an active role in the HOR, facilitating Hads desorption, which is the rate-determining step (RDS) in the mechanism of the HOR.

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An accurate bilinear cavern model for compressed air energy storage

Abstract: Variables ̇Mass flow rate charged into a cavern (kg/s) ̇Mass flow rate discharged out of a cavern (kg/s) Mass of air in the cavern (kg)

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Optimal tracking control for blast furnace molten iron quality based on subspace identification and Krotov's method

Optimal tracking control for blast furnace molten iron quality based on subspace identification and Krotov's method

Synthesis and ex‐situ evaluation of quaternized polysulfone as an anion exchange ionomer for AEM technologies

Ultra-Low Pt Loading in PtCo Catalysts for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction: What Role Do Co Nanoparticles Play?

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