An Accurate in vivo Technique for Measuring Bone Mineral Mass in Chickens

Meyer, G. B.; Babcock, S. W.; Sunde, M. L.

doi:10.1093/jn/96.2.195

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A significant positive phenotypic correlation between body weight and bone strength in chickens has been reported previously [4,34,41], and was observed in the F2 resource population. However, adjusting for body weight did not remove the difference in BMD observed between the layer and broiler lines, suggesting there is a significant difference in BMD that is independent of body weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bone traits and body weight in an F2 resource population of chickens

2005

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-Bone fractures at the end of lay are a significant problem in egg-laying strains of hens. The objective of the current study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with bone mineralization and strength in a chicken resource population. Layer (White Leghorn hens) and broiler (Cobb-Cobb roosters) lines were crossed to generate an F2 population of 508 hens over seven hatches, and 26 traits related to bone integrity, including bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC), were measured. Genotypes of 120 microsatellite markers on 28 autosomal groups were determined, and interval mapping was conducted to identify QTL regions. Twenty-three tests representing three chromosomal regions (chromosomes 4, 10 and 27) contained significant QTL that surpassed the 5% genome-wise threshold, and 47 tests representing 15 chromosomes identified suggestive QTL that surpassed the 5% chromosome-wise threshold. Although no significant QTL influencing BMD and BMC were detected after adjusting for variation in body weight and egg production, multiple suggestive QTL were found. These results support previous experiments demonstrating an important genetic regulation of bone strength in chickens, but suggest the regulation may be due to the effects of multiple genes that each account for relatively small amounts of variation in bone strength.bone mineral density / chickens / QTL / osteoporosis

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bone traits and body weight in an F2 resource population of chickens

2005

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“…Bone mass measurements using a modified Cameron-Sorenson scanning apparatus (Meyer et al, 1968) were made on birds in the cage experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Calcium Levels in Pre-Lay and Lay Diets in Leghorn Pullets

Miller

Sunde

1975

Poultry Science

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Four experiments over a period of four years with 1350 first-year pullets were designed to determine the influence of the calcium and phosphorus levels in the pre-lay diets on the growing birds and on their subsequent performance. Several dietary calcium levels in the lay period were studied, as well as the interaction between the pre-lay and lay diets. During the growing phase the pullets fed 3.0% calcium and 0.4% phosphorus had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower body weight at 20 weeks of age than thep ulletsin the other pre-lay treatments. Feed consumption and feed efficiency were also adversely affected by this treatment, and sexual maturity was significantly (P less than 0.05) delayed. Early lay mortality from this treatment was evident. On the basis of egg production, egg weight, shell deformation and percent poorly shelled eggs (PSE) at point-of-lay, the pre-lay diets did not influence lay performance nor was there an interaction between any combination of pullet and lay diets. As the calcium levels of the lay diets increased, egg production, feed consumption and shell rigidity increased. The 1.5% calcium level did not maintain bone mineralization as compared to the 3.0 and 4.5% calcium levels. It was noted that shell quality on the basis of PSE and deformation does not begin to deteriorate immediately after the onset of production. In fact there is a short period of time where the egg shells improve and then there is a gradual decline in shell rigidity. The layers fed the lay diet containing 1.5% calcium produced eggs weighing an average of 57.4 g. This was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than the eggs of the 2.3, 3.0 or 4.5% calcium fed groups which produced eggs weighing 59.1, 58.6 and 59.4 g. respectively.

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“…At 68 weeks of age, 48 and 39 birds in Experiments 2 and 3 respectively were used for bone mass determination using the method of Meyer et al (1968).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results would be similar to those of McNaughton et al (1972) who found significant differences in tibia ash in chicks after feeding several particle sizes of limestone and oyster shell. Meyer et al (1968) reported a positive relationship between bone mass units and bone breaking strength therefore indicating that fewer bones may be broken during processing of the spent hens if they had been on oyster shell rather than ground limestone.…”

Section: Body Weight and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

Miller

Sunde

1975

Poultry Science

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Commercial strain cross Leghorn pullets were fed a basal diet and either ground limestone (GL), ground oyster shell (GOS), screened pullet size oyster shell (POS), screened hen size oyster shell (HOS) or screened coarse limestone (CL). All 1272 birds were fed 2.5% calcium from 20 to 60 weeks of age then some were placed on a 3.5% calcium diet to 68 weeks.Egg shell rigidity was greatest from birds supplied non-flour calcium sources as compared to the flour calcium sources. Shell deformation means over the three years in 0.001 mm. were 16.6, 16.2, 15.9, 15.5, 14.9 for the cage and 16.7, 16.7, 16.3, 15.7, 15.1 for the floor treatments respectively. The various particle sizes did not consistently influence egg weight, egg production (average 74%), feed consumption, bone mineralization or egg breakage at point of lay.Increasing the calcium level near the end of the experimental period which terminated in August of three successive years did not statistically (P > 0.05) increase shell rigidity over the lower calcium levels.Following the processing of sound eggs through a washer-grader, the observed breakage was greater than the random breakage for deformation values above 18 (.001 mm.) indicating that rigid egg shells resist breakage. It was also shown that: the mean deformation is an indicator of potential shell breakage; shell quality can be affected in both the early and late stages of production; a bag of coarse calcium source contains widely varying quantities of each particle size; and the hens will not consume all the coarse calcium source presented in a diet with 3.5% calcium.

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An Accurate in vivo Technique for Measuring Bone Mineral Mass in Chickens

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bone traits and body weight in an F2 resource population of chickens

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bone traits and body weight in an F2 resource population of chickens

Dietary Calcium Levels in Pre-Lay and Lay Diets in Leghorn Pullets

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

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