An Acidic Class III Chitinase in Sugar Beet: Induction by<i>Cercospora beticola,</i>Characterization, and Expression in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

Kk, Nielsen; Jd, Mikkelsen; Km, Kragh; Bojsen, Kirsten

doi:10.1094/mpmi-6-495

Cited by 101 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of more than one strongly hybridizing fragment in all digests may indicate either that the fragments carry the IWF4 gene in alternate loci or that they make up a small gene family encoding two or a few closely related isoforms. A parallel genomic Southern blot using DNA from another sugar beet cultivar, +Tol (Danisco Seed; Nielsen et al, 1993), gave the same hybridization pattern as seen for cv Monova (not shown), demonstrating that no polymorphism exists between the two cultivars with respect to this gene.…”

Section: Genomic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 52%

“…), which causes leaf spot disease. From sugar beet leaves infected with C. beticola we have isolated severa1 chitinases belonging to four different classes, of which only the chitinbinding class IV chitinase Ch4 shows good in vitro antifungal activity against the fungus Nielsen et al, 1993Nielsen et al, , 1994aNielsen et al, , 1994bNielsen et al, , 1994cBerglund et al, 1995;Susi et al, 1995). In addition, we have isolated two small (46 amino acids) Cys-rich antifungal proteins, AX1 and AX2 (Kragh et al, 1995), which are related to the plant defensins (Broekaert et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of a New Antifungal Chitin-Binding Peptide from Sugar Beet Leaves

Nielsen¹,

Nielsen²,

Madrid³

et al. 1997

Plant Physiology

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intercellular washing fluid (IWF) from leaves of sugar beet (Befa vulgaris L.) contains a number of proteins exhibiting in vitro antifungal activity against the devastating leaf pathogen Cercospora beticola (Sacc.). Among these, a potent antifungal peptide, designated IWF4, was identified. The 30-amino-acid residue sequence of IWF4 is rich in cysteines (6) and glycines (7) and has a highly basic isoelectric point. IWF4 shows homology to the chitin-binding (hevein) domain of chitin-binding proteins, e.g. class I and IV chitinases. Accordingly, IWF4 has a strong affinity to chitin. Notably, it binds chitin more strongly than the chitin-binding chitinases. A full-length IWF4 cDNA clone was obtained that codes for a preproprotein of 76 amino acids containing an N-terminal putative signal peptide of 21 residues, followed by the mature IWF4 peptide of 30 residues, and an acidic C-terminal extension of 25 residues. IWF4 mRNA is expressed in the aerial parts of the plant only, with a constitutive expression in young and mature leaves and in young flowers. No induced expression of IWF4 protein or mRNA was detected during infection with C. beficola or after treatment with 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, a well-known inducer of resistance in plants.

show abstract

Section: Genomic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterization of a New Antifungal Chitin-Binding Peptide from Sugar Beet Leaves

Nielsen¹,

Nielsen²,

Madrid³

et al. 1997

Plant Physiology

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris) containing a tobacco class I chitinase gene does not have increased resistance to Cercospora nicotianae, although it has increased chitinase enzyme activity [46] . Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) harboring a class III chitinase from sugar beet also did not have increased resistance against Cercospora beticola [47] . The resistance in these transformants most likely depends on several factors, including the catalytic specificity or localization of chitinase and the characteristic state or infection behavior of the fungi.…”

Section: Expression Of Chitinasementioning

confidence: 98%

Transgenic Indian Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Harboring Rice Chitinase Gene (Chi II) Confers Resistance to Two Fungal Pathogens

Ganesan¹,

Bhanumathi²,

Kumari³

et al. 2009

American J. of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Problem statement: The present investigation described a simple and reproducible protocol for transgenic cotton regeneration and characterization of chitinase (Chi II) gene expression against two different fungal pathogens in cotton. Approach: Transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv. SVPR2) plants were produced by pCambia-bar-Chi II (13.8 kb) under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter, harbored in the strain LBA 4404 Agrobacterium tumefaciens by using shoot tip explants. Results: Finally, from the 10 experiments, 21.8% of transformation frequency was recorded. Segregation ratio of 3:1 was recorded in the T 0 plant seeds. Polymerase chain reaction and southern blotting analysis were used to confirm the integration of Chi II transgene in the T 0 plants genome of putative transgenics. Quantitiave and qualitative (SDS-PAGE) analyses were also carried out to confirm the expression of chitinase enzyme in T 0 plants. Further, randomly selected transgenic plants (T 0 ) were analyzed for disease tolerance by evaluating them with spores of Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria macrospora. All the selected PCR positive plants showed enhanced disease resistance against Fusarium wilt. The plants selected randomly showed an enhanced survival rate compared with the control when they were grown in earthen pots inoculated with 1×10 5 spores 100 −1 g of soil mixture.Another four randomly selected plantlets were sprayed with spores of Alternaria macrospora in order to test their tolerance to Alternaria leaf spot disease. After 20 days of culture, the number of lesions per leaf and the lesion length per leaf spot in non-transferred leaves increased. In the case of transgenic plantlets, lesion formation was completely absent. Conclusion: The disease resistance against Fusarium wilt and Alternaria leaf spot in cotton strains would serve as good breeding materials for producing fungal disease resistant cotton varieties.

show abstract

“…This novel chitinase does, however, act in concert with chitinases similar to the classical ethylene-induced chitinases (Staehelin et al, 1992(Staehelin et al, /?, 1994a to inactivate Nod-factors (Staehelin et al, 19946). The reaction products indicate that class III or class IV chitinases could be candidate isoenzymes (com- pare Nielsen et al, 1993. All plants tested to date possess multiple chitinases and it would thus be most interesting to investigate the effects of Nod-factors on genetically modified non-host plants incapable of producing various chitinases (or indeed, transgenic host plants over-expressing chitinases).…”

Section: Plant Defence Reactions In Nodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple model based on known plant defence reactions is sufficient to explain most aspects of nodulation

Mellor¹,

Collinge²

1995

J Exp Bot

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present the following hypothesis; that lipooligochitin Nod-factors can act in an elicitor-like fashion inducing, amongst other effects, a plant chitolytic enzyme, capable of hydrolysing the oligochitin chain of the Nod-factor. Decorative groups on the oligochitin chain, e.g. sulphate, may confer partial resistance to hydrolysis upon particular Nod-factors. After entry into the plant, Nod-factor synthesis must be downregulated in order to avoid further, unwanted, elicitation and the consequent abortion of the symbiosis. The plant-derived compounds inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial Nod-factors are limiting in root tissue, leading to residual elicitation and the abortion of infection thread formation. Nod-gene anti-induction is, furthermore, inactivated by both light and nitrate, thus contributing to the inhibition of nodulation under these conditions. In nitrogen-fixing nodules, the bacteroids are exposed to both nod-gene inducing and repressing compounds. The slow accumulation of Nod-factors within the peribacteroid space eventually results in the elicitation of phytoalexin synthesis and nodule senescence.

show abstract

An Acidic Class III Chitinase in Sugar Beet: Induction byCercospora beticola,Characterization, and Expression in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

Cited by 101 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of a New Antifungal Chitin-Binding Peptide from Sugar Beet Leaves

Characterization of a New Antifungal Chitin-Binding Peptide from Sugar Beet Leaves

Transgenic Indian Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Harboring Rice Chitinase Gene (Chi II) Confers Resistance to Two Fungal Pathogens

A simple model based on known plant defence reactions is sufficient to explain most aspects of nodulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About