An Activated Potassium Phosphate Fertilizer Solution for Stimulating the Growth of Agricultural Plants

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a sustainable industrial chemical engineering technology to improve the interaction between technology, plants, and soil in agriculture. The signaling crosstalk between H2O2 and NO and that between H2O2 and Ca2+ influence plant developmental and physiological processes. Many promising technologies for crop stimulation and protection are based on a thorough study of the environmental impact of various physical factors. A low-temperature, high-frequency plasma was generated via cathode high-frequency glow discharge and used for the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a low concentration of the strong electrolyte KH2PO4, with an electrolysis-activated solution named Plasmolite. The Plasmolite solution yielded a Raman (red) scattering spectrum with a maximum at 1,640 cm−1, which was associated with hydrogen atom vibrations, and other bands at 875, 930, 1,050, and 1,123 cm−1, which were associated with the aqueous electrolyte solution plasma treatment. Based on the goal of producing an optimal H2O2 concentration of 100 μM, two types of seeds were exposed to a Plasmolite-based 2 × 10–5 M KH2PO4 solution moisturizing medium for three days. Approximately 92% of the spring spelled seeds (grade “Gremme”) that were exposed to this test solution sprouted, compared with 76% of the seeds exposed to a control solution. The spring rye seeds (grade “Onokhoyskaya”) that were exposed to the test solution sprouted at a rate of 90% compared with 75% in the control. The percentage of seeds that sprouted with a root length of more than 6 mm was approximately 80% for the test solution, compared to 50% for the control. Based on these results, the use of Plasmolite is considered to be promising for the production of activated H2O2 for protecting plants and stimulating growth, particularly for enhancing the functions of K and P2O5 of fertilizers.

Enhancement of the Plant Grafting Technique with Dielectric Barrier Discharge Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Plasma-Treated Solution

“…Previous experiments [ 37 , 38 ] on planting material processing with this type of PTS have shown that the result can vary over a wide range, up to the death of an object. It is important to find the concentration of PTS that is most effective for a particular biological object and the duration of its exposure.…”

Bio-Organic Mineral Fertilizer for Sustainable Agriculture: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

“…This method of fertilizing fields by supplementing potassium and phosphorus is simple but varies greatly in its effect on crops. In recent years, some scholars have also begun to try similar methods to obtain organic potassium phosphate fertilizers using different organic materials and minerals, supplemented with microbial agents [8,14,[39][40][41]. The results indicate that fermentation with a microbial agent greatly increase the soluble content of nutrients (K and P), suggesting that microbial fermentation can efficiently transform low-grade mineral rocks.…”

Increase of Productivity and Neutralization of Pathological Processes in Plants of Grain and Fruit Crops with the Help of Aqueous Solutions Activated by Plasma of High-Frequency Glow Discharge

“…Increasing the yield and improving the quality of agricultural products, reducing the costs of its production is impossible without the introduction of economically profitable and environmentally friendly technologies that ensure an increase in the productivity of agricultural plants. One of the promising directions in the creation of such technologies is the use of biologically activated water [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Usually, to obtain activated aqueous solutions, devices are used, the principle of operation of which is based on electrochemical methods using electrolyzers of various designs, including the separation of water into the constituents “anolyte” and “catholyte” [ 7 , 8 ].…”