An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia

Fratiglioni, Laura; Paillard-Borg, Stéphanie; Winblad, Bengt

doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(04)00767-7

Cited by 1,773 publications

(1,389 citation statements)

References 110 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,280

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results support the findings of previous research that social networks, assessed through various measures from quantity and/or quality of contacts to indices of social activity or social ties, reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia (Fratiglioni et al, 2004). Social networks have been shown to modify the relation between AD pathology and cognitive function (Bennett et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Risk factors for incident dementia in the very old

Wallin

Boström

Kivipelto

et al. 2013

Int. Psychogeriatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Risk factors for incident dementia in the very old

Wallin

Boström

Kivipelto

et al. 2013

Int. Psychogeriatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Genetic and early neurodevelopmental factors are still the most important, but not the only, determinant of cognitive reserve. Education, lifestyle and mental and physical activities modify the cognitive reserve through the neuroplasticity of our neural system throughout life (Fratiglioni et al 2004;Roe et al 2007;Nithianantharajah & Hannan, 2009). In patients with schizophrenia, brain reserve and cognitive reserve are low as a consequence abnormal neurodevelopment.…”

Section: Neurodevelopment Cognitive Reserve and Functional Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental origin of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cognitive impairment is a common feature of schizophrenia; however, its origin remains controversial. Neurodevelopmental abnormalities clearly play a role in pre-morbid cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, yet many authors believe that schizophrenia is characterized by illness-related cognitive decline before and after onset of the psychosis that can be the result of neurodegenerative changes. The main reasons behinds such arguments include, first, the evidence showing that effect sizes of the cognitive deficits in subjects who develop adult schizophrenia gradually increase in the first two decades of life and, second, the fact that there is functional decline in many patients with schizophrenia over the years. In this Editorial, I argue that current evidence suggests that illness-related cognitive impairment is neurodevelopmental in origin and characterized by slower gain (developmental lag) but not cognitive decline continuing throughout the first two decades of life. I introduce a model suggesting that neurodevelopmental abnormality can in fact explain the course of cognitive dysfunction and variations in the trajectory of functional decline throughout the life in individuals with schizophrenia. In this model, the severity of underlying neurodevelopmental abnormality determines the age that cognitive deficits first become apparent and contributes to the cognitive reserve of the individual. Interaction of neurodevelopmental abnormality with clinical symptoms, especially negative symptoms and aging, vascular changes, psychological and iatrogenic factors contributes to the heterogeneity of the functional trajectory observed in this disorder.

show abstract

“…6 Longitudinal studies show that larger social networks, 7,8 access to social resources, 9,10 and community engagement reduce dementia diagnoses. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Hypotheses on mechanisms by which social relationships can reduce cognitive decline include: delay of cognitive atrophy (Buse it or lose it^), 18 higher cognitive reserve, 19 and preventing stress-related cognitive declines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Hypotheses on mechanisms by which social relationships can reduce cognitive decline include: delay of cognitive atrophy (Buse it or lose it^), 18 higher cognitive reserve, 19 and preventing stress-related cognitive declines. 6 This is likely a bidirectional relationship, where cognitive decline can lead to altered social relationships. [20][21][22] However, there is less information on the relationship of social function with earlier stages of cognitive decline such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-based samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Function and Cognitive Status: Results from a US Nationally Representative Survey of Older Adults

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: An early sign of cognitive decline in older adults is often a disruption in social function, but our understanding of this association is limited. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether those screening positive for early stages of cognitive impairment have differences across multiple dimensions of social function and whether associations differ by gender. DESIGN: United States nationally representative cohort (2010), the National Social life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged 62-90 years (N = 3,310) with a response rate of 76.9 %. MAIN MEASURES: Cognition was measured using a survey adaptation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment categorized into three groups: normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. We measured three domains of social relationships, each comprised of two scales: network structure (size and density), social resources (social support and social strain), and social engagement (community involvement and socializing). We used multiple linear regression to characterize the relationship of each social relationship measure to cognition. KEY RESULTS: Individuals screened as at risk for MCI and early dementia had smaller network sizes by 0.3 and 0.6 individuals (p < 0.001), and a 10 % and 25 % increase in network density (p < 0.001), respectively. For social resources, individuals at risk for MCI and dementia had 4 % and 14 % less social strain (p = 0.01), but only women had 3 % and 6 % less perceived social support (p = 0.013), respectively. For social engagement, individuals screened positive for MCI and dementia had 8 % and 19 % less community involvement (p = 0.01), but only men had 8 % and 13 % increased social involvement with neighbors and family members (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Changes in social functioning provide an early indication to screen for cognitive loss. Recognition that early cognitive loss is associated with differences in social function can guide counseling efforts and help identify social vulnerabilities to ease the transition to overt dementia for both patients and caregivers.

show abstract

An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia

Cited by 1,773 publications

References 110 publications

Risk factors for incident dementia in the very old

Risk factors for incident dementia in the very old

Neurodevelopmental origin of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

Social Function and Cognitive Status: Results from a US Nationally Representative Survey of Older Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About