An active bacterial community linked to high chl-<i>a</i> concentrations in Antarctic winter-pack ice and evidence for the development of an anaerobic sea-ice bacterial community

Eronen-Rasimus, Eeva; Luhtanen, Anne-Mari; Rintala, Janne-Markus; Delille, Bruno; Dieckmann, Gerhard; Karkman, Antti; Tison, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.96

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…High concentrations of methane have been reported from the entire water column up to the surface around Svalbard (Damm et al, 2005;Mau et al, 2013;Myhre et al, 2016), the Siberian Shelf (Shakhova et al, 2010), and the Beaufort Sea (Lorenson et al, 2016). In addition, during periods of near 100 % sea-ice cover, gas exchange from the water column to the atmosphere is restricted (Loose et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite much lower concentrations than carbon dioxide, it has a 32 times higher accumulative radiative forcing potential (Etminan et al, 2016) over a time span of 100 years. In the ocean, the two major sources of methane are ongoing biogenic production by microbes in anoxic sediment (Formolo, 2010;Reeburgh, 2007;Whiticar, 1999) and release of fossil methane from geological storage (summarized by Kvenvolden and Rogers, 2005;Saunois et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methane-oxidizing seawater microbial communities from an Arctic shelf

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Marine microbial communities can consume dissolved methane before it can escape to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming. Seawater over the shallow Arctic shelf is characterized by excess methane compared to atmospheric equilibrium. This methane originates in sediment, permafrost, and hydrate. Particularly high concentrations are found beneath sea ice. We studied the structure and methane oxidation potential of the microbial communities from seawater collected close to Utqiagvik, Alaska, in April 2016. The in situ methane concentrations were 16.3 ± 7.2 nmol L −1 , approximately 4.8 times oversaturated relative to atmospheric equilibrium. The group of methaneoxidizing bacteria (MOB) in the natural seawater and incubated seawater was > 97 % dominated by Methylococcales (γ -Proteobacteria). Incubations of seawater under a range of methane concentrations led to loss of diversity in the bacterial community. The abundance of MOB was low with maximal fractions of 2.5 % at 200 times elevated methane concentration, while sequence reads of non-MOB methylotrophs were 4 times more abundant than MOB in most incubations. The abundances of MOB as well as non-MOB methylotroph sequences correlated tightly with the rate constant (k ox ) for methane oxidation, indicating that non-MOB methylotrophs might be coupled to MOB and involved in community methane oxidation. In sea ice, where methane concentrations of 82 ± 35.8 nmol kg −1 were found, Methylobacterium (α-Proteobacteria) was the dominant MOB with a relative abundance of 80 %. Total MOB abundances were very low in sea ice, with maximal fractions found at the icesnow interface (0.1 %), while non-MOB methylotrophs were present in abundances similar to natural seawater communities. The dissimilarities in MOB taxa, methane concentrations, and stable isotope ratios between the sea ice and water column point toward different methane dynamics in the two environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane-oxidizing seawater microbial communities from an Arctic shelf

et al. 2018

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“…Bacterial growth is also controlled by the production of labile dissolved carbon extracted by algae (Kuparinen et al 2007), and in our study, the sudden increase in bacterial abundance in the spring seemed to be more connected to the melting of ice than phytoplankton growth. Bacterial community development was thus likely associated with the availability of the algalderived substrate (Eronen-Rasimus et al 2017). Bacterial abundance was not directly correlated to chl a concentration, and the carbon incorporated into the algal and nanoflagellate biomass in ice was therefore likely to promote the growth of bacteria through dissolved organic matter transport after ice melted (Kuparinen 1988;Sime-Ngando et al 1999;Sala et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autumn to spring microbial community in the northern Baltic Sea: temporal variability in bacterial, viral and nanoflagellate abundance during the cold-water season

et al. 2020

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Marine microbial communities undergo drastic changes during the seasonal cycle in high latitude seas. Despite the dominance of microbial biomass in the oceans, comprehensive studies on the seasonal changes of microbial plankton during the complete winter period are lacking. To study the seasonal variation in abundance of the microbial community, water samples were collected weekly in the Northern Baltic Sea from October to May. During ice cover from mid-January to April, samples from the sea ice and the underlying water were taken in addition to the water column samples. Abundances of bacteria, virus-like particles, nanoflagellates, and chlorophyll a concentrations were measured from sea ice, under-ice water, and the water column, and examined in relation to environmental conditions. All studied organisms had clear seasonal changes in abundance, and the sea-ice microbial community had an independent wintertime development compared to the water column. Bacteria were observed to have a key role in the biotic interactions in both ice and the water column, and the dormant period during the cold-water months (October–May) was limited to before ice formation. Our results provide the first insights into the temporal dynamics of bacteria and viruses during the whole cold-water season (October–May) in coastal high latitude seas, and demonstrate that changes in the environmental conditions are likely to affect bacterial dynamics and have implications on trophic interactions.

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“…Methane (CH 4 ) is the third most abundant greenhouse gas contributing to climate change (IPCC, 2014) -exceeded only by water vapor and carbon dioxide. Despite much lower concentrations than carbon dioxide, it has a 32 times higher accumulative radiative forcing potential (Etminan et al, 2016) over a time span of 100 years. In the ocean, the two major sources of methane are ongoing biogenic production by microbes in anoxic sediment (Formolo, 2010;Reeburgh, 2007;Whiticar, 1999) and release of fossil methane from geological storage (summarized by Kvenvolden and Rogers, 2005;Saunois et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, in the subarctic and Arctic shelf areas, shallow water depths and seasonal sea-ice cover complicate the picture. High concentrations of methane have been reported from the entire water column up to the surface around Svalbard (Damm et al, 2005;Mau et al, 2013;Myhre et al, 2016), the Siberian Shelf (Shakhova et al, 2010), and the Beaufort Sea (Lorenson et al, 2016). In addition, during periods of near 100 % sea-ice cover, gas exchange from the water column to the atmosphere is restricted (Loose et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to comments of Referee #2

Uhlig¹

2018

Preprint

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Marine microbial communities can consume dissolved methane before it can escape to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming. Seawater over the shallow Arctic shelf is characterized by excess methane compared to atmospheric equilibrium. This methane originates in sediment, permafrost, and hydrate. Particularly high concentrations are found beneath sea ice. We studied the structure and methane oxidation potential of the microbial communities from seawater collected close to Utqiagvik, Alaska, in April 2016. The in situ methane concentrations were 16.3 ± 7.2 nmol L −1 , approximately 4.8 times oversaturated relative to atmospheric equilibrium. The group of methaneoxidizing bacteria (MOB) in the natural seawater and incubated seawater was > 97 % dominated by Methylococcales (γ -Proteobacteria). Incubations of seawater under a range of methane concentrations led to loss of diversity in the bacterial community. The abundance of MOB was low with maximal fractions of 2.5 % at 200 times elevated methane concentration, while sequence reads of non-MOB methylotrophs were 4 times more abundant than MOB in most incubations. The abundances of MOB as well as non-MOB methylotroph sequences correlated tightly with the rate constant (k ox ) for methane oxidation, indicating that non-MOB methylotrophs might be coupled to MOB and involved in community methane oxidation. In sea ice, where methane concentrations of 82 ± 35.8 nmol kg −1 were found, Methylobacterium (α-Proteobacteria) was the dominant MOB with a relative abundance of 80 %. Total MOB abundances were very low in sea ice, with maximal fractions found at the icesnow interface (0.1 %), while non-MOB methylotrophs were present in abundances similar to natural seawater commu-nities. The dissimilarities in MOB taxa, methane concentrations, and stable isotope ratios between the sea ice and water column point toward different methane dynamics in the two environments.

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An active bacterial community linked to high chl-a concentrations in Antarctic winter-pack ice and evidence for the development of an anaerobic sea-ice bacterial community

Cited by 16 publications

References 68 publications

Methane-oxidizing seawater microbial communities from an Arctic shelf

Methane-oxidizing seawater microbial communities from an Arctic shelf

Autumn to spring microbial community in the northern Baltic Sea: temporal variability in bacterial, viral and nanoflagellate abundance during the cold-water season

Response to comments of Referee #2

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