An Activity Based Weight Control Program

Emes, Claudia; Velde, Beth P.; Moreau, Mary; Murdoch, Douglas; Trussell, Rebecca

doi:10.1123/apaq.7.4.314

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…One study prescribed exercise in a clinical laboratory setting, 63 whereas the remainder used various outdoor/indoor settings. One study compared the effects of two different exercise plus behavioral treatments with that of a control group which received the behavioral treatment alone (three arm study) providing two datum points, 64 and was therefore included as two separate studies. Among these 14 studies, two compared the effects of aerobic exercise with untreated controls, 29,62 one study compared the effect of a device which permitted television viewing contingent to exercise (TV cycling) with that of a control group which received a similar device but differed in that television viewing was not contingent to exercise, 65 one investigated the effects of 'extra gymnastics' sessions/weeks reported to entailed 45 min of intense physical activity performed in a small group setting compared to untreated controls, 66 whereas the remaining nine studies compared the effects of various dietary/behavioral treatments with/without aerobic exercise 30,[67][68][69][70][71] or combined aerobic and weighttraining exercise.…”

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these 14 studies, two compared the effects of aerobic exercise with untreated controls, 29,62 one study compared the effect of a device which permitted television viewing contingent to exercise (TV cycling) with that of a control group which received a similar device but differed in that television viewing was not contingent to exercise, 65 one investigated the effects of 'extra gymnastics' sessions/weeks reported to entailed 45 min of intense physical activity performed in a small group setting compared to untreated controls, 66 whereas the remaining nine studies compared the effects of various dietary/behavioral treatments with/without aerobic exercise 30,[67][68][69][70][71] or combined aerobic and weighttraining exercise. 63,64,72 The mean (7s.d.) treatment duration of these studies, at post-test, was 16 (77) weeks.…”

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only two studies investigated long-term treatment effects beyond the intervention phase, one of which reported follow-up data at 26 and 52 weeks, 67 and another at 52 weeks. 63 Eight studies were conducted in the US, 29,30,62,65,67,68,70,71 one in Australia, 69 one in Austria, 72 one in Canada, 64 one in Sweden 66 and one in Hong Kong. 63 Cohorts Of 14 studies, one was in boys only, 66 one was in girls only, 67 11 were in boys and girls, 29,30,[62][63][64][65]68,[70][71][72] whereas gender characteristics were not reported in another.…”

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63 Eight studies were conducted in the US, 29,30,62,65,67,68,70,71 one in Australia, 69 one in Austria, 72 one in Canada, 64 one in Sweden 66 and one in Hong Kong. 63 Cohorts Of 14 studies, one was in boys only, 66 one was in girls only, 67 11 were in boys and girls, 29,30,[62][63][64][65]68,[70][71][72] whereas gender characteristics were not reported in another. 69 In total, the 14 studies pooled yielded a sample of 481 boys and girls, and the mean age reported in nine studies was 10.971.5 years, while age ranges of 13-16 years was reported in one study, 30 of 8-12 years in one study, 67 and of 12-15 years in two Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in youth E Atlantis et al studies (two treatments from one study), 64 while another did not report age (mean or range).…”

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63 Cohorts Of 14 studies, one was in boys only, 66 one was in girls only, 67 11 were in boys and girls, 29,30,[62][63][64][65]68,[70][71][72] whereas gender characteristics were not reported in another. 69 In total, the 14 studies pooled yielded a sample of 481 boys and girls, and the mean age reported in nine studies was 10.971.5 years, while age ranges of 13-16 years was reported in one study, 30 of 8-12 years in one study, 67 and of 12-15 years in two Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in youth E Atlantis et al studies (two treatments from one study), 64 while another did not report age (mean or range). 69 Sample sizes were reduced for review and meta-analysis from those reported in three studies 68,70,71 to omit subjects from non-treated control groups which were not included in treatment contrasts, in one study to omit subjects in the additional exercise treatment arm which was already considered as a separate study, 64 and in one study 69 to omit normal weight subjects who were allocated to the no-treatment control arm.…”

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2006

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Background: Overweight prevalence among children/adolescents is increasing, while adult obesity may potentially cause a decline in life expectancy. More exercise is uniformly recommended, although treatment efficacy remains unclear. Objective: To determine the efficacy of exercise alone for treating overweight in children/adolescents. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials published in English were completed following multiple database searches performed on December 10, 2004. Studies of isolated or adjunctive exercise/physical activity treatment in overweight/obese children or adolescents which reported any overweight outcome were included. Literature searches identified 645 papers which were manually searched, of which 45 were considered for inclusion, of which 13 papers which reported 14 studies were included (N ¼ 481 overweight boys and girls, aged B12 years). Two reviewers independently identified relevant papers for potential inclusion and assessed methodological quality. Principal measures of effects included the mean difference (MD) (between treatment and control groups), the weighted MD (WMD), and the standardized MD (SMD). Results: Few studies were of robust design. The pooled SMD was À0.4 (À0.7, À0.1, P ¼ 0.006) for percent body fat, and À0.2 (À0.6, 0.1, P ¼ 0.07) for central obesity outcomes, whereas the pooled WMD was À2.7 kg (À6.1 kg, 0.8 kg, P ¼ 0.07) for body weight, all of which favored exercise. Pooled effects on body weight were significant and larger for studies of higher doses, whereas nonsignificant and smaller effects were seen for studies of lower doses of exercise (155-180 min/weeks vs 120-150 min/ weeks). Conclusions: Based on the small number of short-term randomized trials currently available, an aerobic exercise prescription of 155-180 min/weeks at moderate-to-high intensity is effective for reducing body fat in overweight children/adolescents, but effects on body weight and central obesity are inconclusive. Recommendations for future study designs are discussed.

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Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Included/excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2006

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Treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity

et al. 2007

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Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of obesity, and adolescent weight tracks strongly into adulthood. Previous reviews of treatment strategies have failed to discriminate between adolescents and children, thereby, disregarding the uniqueness of this population. Hence, this review aims to summarise the evidence for treatment approaches for adolescent obesity. Pubmed, OVID, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar were searched for randomised controlled trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews testing treatments for overweight/obese adolescents (aged 12-19 years), published from 1982-2006 in English. Eligible studies had to assess either weight, percentage overweight, body mass index (BMI) or body fat. Thirty-four randomised controlled trials were eligible. The results of this review indicate that the safety and efficacy of surgical and pharmacotherapy treatments for adolescent obesity is uncertain. Diet and physical activity approaches may improve obese status in the short term. However, obesity interventions appear more effective when strategies are combined, rather than when used in isolation. Psychological interventions, such as behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy, show promise in achieving the necessary lifestyle changes for obesity reduction; however, long-term follow-up studies are needed. There were multiple limitations in appraising the literature. Inconsistent definitions of overweight/obesity make comparisons between studies difficult. Many studies have not used direct adiposity measures, have failed to assess pubertal status or have not used an exclusive adolescent sample. We conclude that, despite these limitations, current evidence indicates that behavioural and cognitive behavioural strategies combined with diet and physical activity approaches may assist in reducing adolescent obesity,although long-term follow-up studies are needed.

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