An acute exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide alters aromatase levels in testis and sperm nuclear quality

Cassault-Meyer, Estelle; Gress, Steeve; Séralini, Gilles‐Éric; Galeraud-Denis, I.

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2014.05.007

Cited by 94 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This has been extensively confirmed in the literature in different models [4]. We then demonstrated that Roundup had a far greater capacity than glyphosate to disrupt hormones at lower non-toxic levels, in vitro [5] and then in vivo over a short-term period in mammalian testes [6]. We progressively characterized by mass spectrometry the undeclared compounds present in Roundup from 2013 to 2018, that were composed of oxidized petroleum residues [7] and heavy metals such as arsenic [8].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Update on long-term toxicity of agricultural GMOs tolerant to roundup

Séralini

2020

Environ Sci Eur

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Agricultural genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are plants obtained by gene transfer or more recently by geneediting. Their major common phenotypic trait for which 99% have been modified is that these are designed to be grown with pesticides, which may bioaccumulate in the plants and/or the consumer, and/or express insecticides in their cells. Examples of both types are Roundup-tolerant soy and corn and Bt insecticidal plants. Recently, Steinberg et al. concluded that there were no adverse effects in rats from consumption of a GM corn tolerant to Roundup, called NK603, and that no other long-term studies are justified. This contradicts several of our in vivo studies on the short-and long-term toxicological effects of either the same GMO, other GMOs, or the pesticide Roundup itself. Our results were attributed in particular to the long-term in vivo effects of Roundup residues, which also present toxic and endocrine-disrupting effects in vitro. These effects were clearly linked to the formulants of the pesticide, such as petroleum residues and heavy metals, and not to glyphosate alone. In fact, the treated rats in Steinberg et al.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Update on long-term toxicity of agricultural GMOs tolerant to roundup

Séralini

2020

Environ Sci Eur

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“…Glyphosate was reported to inhibit the transcriptional activities of estrogen receptor (ER) α, ERβ, and androgen receptor in human cell lines (Gasnier et al, ). Endocrine disrupting effects of GBHs have also been documented in vivo although limited to male rats (Dallegrave et al, ; Romano et al, ; Cassault‐Meyer et al, ). The results suggest that perinatal exposure to glyphosate alters testicular morphology and function (Dallegrave et al, ; Romano et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results suggest that perinatal exposure to glyphosate alters testicular morphology and function (Dallegrave et al, ; Romano et al, ). In addition, an acute exposure to GBH in adult rats increases aromatase levels, produces molecular changes in the blood‐testis barrier, and decreases normal sperm morphology (Cassault‐Meyer et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a glyphosate‐based herbicide on the uterus of adult ovariectomized rats

Varayoud

Durando

Ramos

et al. 2016

Environmental Toxicology

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Glyphosate is the active ingredient of several herbicide formulations. Different reports suggest that glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) may act as endocrine disruptors. We evaluated the potential estrogenic effects of a GBH formulation using the uterotrophic assay. Adult ovariectomized rats were sc injected for 3 consecutive days with: saline solution (vehicle control), 2.10 g E /kg/day (uterotrophic dose; UE ), 2.10 g E /kg/day (nonuterotrophic dose; NUE ), or 0.5, 5, or 50 mg GBH/kg/day of the. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, the uterus was removed and weighed and processed for histopathology and mRNA extraction. Epithelial cell proliferation and height and expression of estrogen-responsive genes were evaluated (estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ; progesterone receptor, PR; complement 3, C3). Uterine weight and epithelial proliferation were not affected by GBH. However, the luminal epithelial cell height increased at GBH0.5. ERα mRNA was downregulated by all GBH doses and E groups, whereas PR and C3 mRNA were diminished by GBH0.5. GBH5-, GBH50-, and UE -treated rats showed downregulated ERα protein expression in luminal epithelial cells, while the receptor was upregulated in the stroma. GBH upregulated ERβ (GBH0.5-50) and PR (GBH5) expressions in glandular epithelial cells, similar effect to that of NUE group. These results indicate that, although the uterine weight was not affected, GBH modulates the expression of estrogen-sensitive genes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1191-1201, 2017.

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“…Although reviews of genotoxicity studies deemed DNA damage by glyphosate and glyphosate-based formulations secondary to cytotoxic effects (Kier and Kirkland, 2013;Kier, 2015), DNA-damaging effects and genotoxicity of glyphosate and particularly of its formulations (Roundup R , Glyfos R , Glyphogan R , Glyphosate-Biocarb R , etc.) on vertebrates (murine and human cells) (Bolognesi et al, 1997;Koller et al, 2012;Young et al, 2015;Townsend et al, 2017), cytotoxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on human embryonic and placental cells (Benachour et al, 2007;Benachour and Séralini, 2009;Gasnier et al, 2009Gasnier et al, , 2010Mesnage et al, 2013a,b), indication of endocrine disrupting effects by showing activity on estrogen receptors in human hormone-dependent breast cancer cells (Thongprakaisang et al, 2013;Mesnage et al, 2017a), inhibition of the biosynthesis of testosterone and estradiol (Romano et al, 2010) and progesterone (Young et al, 2015) or inhibitory effects on aromatase, a key enzyme in steroid hormone biosynthesis (Cassault-Meyer et al, 2014;Defarge et al, 2016), teratogenic effects on vertebrates by inhibiting the retinoic acid signaling pathway (Lajmanovich et al, 2003;Paganelli et al, 2010;Carrasco, 2013), birth defects in rats , and nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of Roundup R have been demonstrated in rats in connection to RR GM maize (originally published in the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology in September 2012, but retracted by the journal in November 2013 following an alleged intervention from the industry stakeholder (Foucart, 2016), and subsequently republished in another journal a year later) . The analysis of kidney and liver tissues from the same rats by molecular profiling (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) confirmed pathology of these organs in the lowest dose Roundup R treatment group culminating in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Mesnage et al, 2015a(Mesnage et al, ,b, 2017a.…”

Section: Registration Of Glyphosate In the European Unionmentioning

confidence: 99%