This paper first reviews the related concepts of agricultural supply chain and the current research status of agricultural inventory models; proposes the classification standard of supply chain structure from four different aspects: the complexity of the supply chain node enterprises, the reliability of the supply chain and the optimization goal. In addition, this article starts from the characteristics of agriculture itself, according to the actual needs of the agricultural supply chain, considers the feasibility of the solution strategy from different sides and gives related models, which solves the related problems in the agricultural supply chain to a certain extent. At present, there are many researches on resource allocation algorithms at the edge of mobile networks, but the existing resource allocation algorithms still have the problem of high computational complexity and can still solve the above problems in resource utilization optimization. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a system architecture of the agricultural industry Internet of Things based on edge computing. The main motivations of this article are to improve the stability and usability of the system, and to enhance agricultural wisdom, so as to provide a reference for the development of precision agriculture. According to this method, Firstly, from the perspective of how to improve the energy efficiency of mobile terminals, methods to improve the energy efficiency of mobile terminals are studied in multi-user systems where mobile terminals compete for MEC servers with limited computing resources. Then, this paper focuses on the waste of computing resources caused by user movement under the scenario of limited server coverage in MEC system, and studies the problem from the perspective of effective management of computing resources. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance.