SUMMARYThe problem of estimating the amplitude, frequency and phase of an unknown sinusoidal signal from a noisy biased measurement is addressed in this paper by a family of parallel pre-filtering schemes. The proposed methodology consists in using a pair of linear filters of specified order to generate a suitable number of auxiliary signals that are used to estimate -in an adaptive way -the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of the sinusoid. Increasing the order the pre-filters improves the noise immunity of the estimator, at the cost of an increase of the computational complexity. Among the whole family of estimators realizable by varying the order of the filters, the simple parallel pre-filters of order 2+2 and 3+3 are discussed in detail, being the most attractive from the implementability point of view. The behavior of the two algorithms with respect to bounded external disturbances is characterized by Input-to-State Stability arguments. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed technique is shown both by comparative numerical simulations and by a real experiment addressing the estimation of the frequency of the electrical mains from a noisy voltage measurement.