An additional fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) moiety in di-Fmoc-functionalizedl-lysine induces pH-controlled ambidextrous gelation with significant advantages

Hydrogelation Induced by Change in Hydrophobicity of Amino Acid Side Chain in Fmoc‐Functionalised Amino Acid: Significance of Sulfur on Hydrogelation

“…10 4 Pa) indicates that the hydrogel of Fmoc‐M has high strength and dissipation factor (tan δ = G ′′/ G ′≈0.1) during dynamic frequency and strain sweep measurements, indicating the good tolerance of the hydrogel to external forces. A similar range of magnitude has been observed for various hydrogelators including Fmoc‐protected amino acids and peptides, which have high gel strength. Thixotropic behaviour (gel→solution or liquid‐like→gel) was also analysed to determine whether Fmoc‐M gel has the regelation ability after applying strain.…”

Selective aliphatic/aromatic organogelation controlled by the side chain of serine amphiphiles

“…Parallel and antiparallel arrangements which can lead to the formation of bres have been previously proposed for gelators containing uorenyl groups. 34,35,62 A schematic representation of how such patterns could arise in the gelators described herein is depicted in Fig. 6a and b.…”

Maintaining homogeneity during a sol–gel transition by an autocatalytic enzyme reaction

“…Among the many classes of gelators, Fmoc-derivatives have gained attention because of their propensity towards hydrogel formation. 9,15,[23][24][25][26][27][28] The Fmoc group is of course widely used as a protecting group during peptide synthesis. It is extremely stable under acidic conditions, 29 but unstable at higher pH (typically 4 pH 10.5).…”

“…Presumably because of the lack of stability at high pH, Fmoc-based gelators that form gels at high pH are rare. 28 Rajbhandary et al have recently reported hydrogelation of Fmoc-derivatised cationic gelators but gelation was triggered by NaCl. 27 Mandal and co-workers reported gelation of some acidfunctionalized Fmoc-derivatives in DMSO/H 2 O at basic pH, 28 although the stability in the assembled state at high pH was only explored by FTIR and it is known that DMSO can facilitate Fmoc cleavage even under base-free conditions.…”

“…28 Rajbhandary et al have recently reported hydrogelation of Fmoc-derivatised cationic gelators but gelation was triggered by NaCl. 27 Mandal and co-workers reported gelation of some acidfunctionalized Fmoc-derivatives in DMSO/H 2 O at basic pH, 28 although the stability in the assembled state at high pH was only explored by FTIR and it is known that DMSO can facilitate Fmoc cleavage even under base-free conditions. 29 Whilst there are potential issues in using Fmoc-derivatives for gels at higher pH, we will be targeting a pH lower than 10.5.…”