An Air/Fuel Algorithm to Improve the NOx Conversion of Copper-Based Catalysts

Nanophase-separated Ni3Nb as an automobile exhaust catalyst

“…Earth-abundant 3d metals including nickel (Ni) were once considered for use as automobile exhaust catalysts. 7 , 8 However, none of these 3d metals were realistic alternatives to PMs primarily due to their inherent susceptibility to dissociative adsorption of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the exhaust. 9 , 10 Indeed, the adsorption energies of oxygen and nitrogen atoms to the Ni surface are, 470 kJ mol –1 (O ad –Ni(111)) 9 and 470 kJ mol –1 (N ad –Ni(111)), 10 respectively, which is 10–15% larger than the corresponding values for the Pt surface ( i.e.…”

Thermally-Induced Microstructural Changes in a Three-Way Automotive Catalyst

“…These schedules have been designed to produce catalysts representative of field-aged catalysts but in an accelerated time frame [13,14]. For this study, the particular accelerated engine/dynamometer tests used were designed to cause primarily thermal deactivation.…”

“…Each converter to be studied was aged on one of three different accelerated test schedules; Rapid Aging Test 'B' for 75 h (RAT(B)75), which represents approximately 50,000 miles for applications with relatively cool exhaust [13], Rapid Aging Test 'A' for 50 h (RAT(A)SO), a higher temperature schedule than RAT(B) that represents approximately 50,000 miles of customer driving for applications with higher exhaust temperatures [14], and RAT(A) for 200 h (RAT(A)200), representative of approximately 200,000 miles of customer driving. These aging tests were designed to cause primarily thermal degradation of the catalyst.…”