An Alga-Like Organism Associated with an Outbreak of Prolonged Diarrhea among Foreigners in Nepal

Shlim, David R.; Cohen, Milton T.; Eaton, Molly; Rajah, Ramachandran; Long, Earl G.; Ungar, Beth L. P.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1991.45.383

Cited by 149 publications

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“…Symptoms seen in patients infected with C. cayetanensis include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and abdominal pain [3,4]. Fever may also be present [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence ofCyclospora cayetanensisin stool samples submitted to a district general hospital

Clarke

McIntyre

1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYCyclospora cayetanensis is the cause of a prolonged diarrhoeal syndrome. In the UK most cases are seen in travellers who have returned from countries in which the organism is endemic. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the incidence of C. cayetanensis in stool samples submitted to a district general hospital. A total of 6151 stools from 5374 different patients were screened for the presence of C. cayetanensis over a 1-year period using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Oocysts of C. cayetanensis were found in 7 stools (0 1 %) from 4 patients (007 %). All four patients were adult travellers who had visited countries in which C. cayetanensis is known to be endemic. In the population of this study, C. cayetanensis was found to be a rare cause of diarrhoea. Although C. cayetanensis infection should be considered in individuals of all ages who have lived in, or have travelled to endemic areas, there is no need to screen stool samples for the organism in those without such a travel history.

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“…Symptoms seen in patients infected with C. cayetanensis include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and abdominal pain [3,4]. Fever may also be present [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence ofCyclospora cayetanensisin stool samples submitted to a district general hospital

Clarke

McIntyre

1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…En la materia fecal de estos pacientes, se 0bseivaron estructuras de 8 a 9 de diámetro y los investigadores insinuaron que podía tratarse de un nuevo patógeno. Posteriormente, en 1990, Hart y Al revisar los numerosos casos descritos en muchos paises (3,8,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23), se concluye que los grupos de personas que tienen más riesgo de contraer la infección, son los turistas o residentes extranjeros en países en desarrollo, los agricultores y los pacientes inmunodeprimidos, principalmente con sida. La mayoría de los estudios tienden a incriminar el agua como ruta de infección, como se demostró en la epidemia de Chicago notificada en 1990, en la que se implicó la exposición a aguas contaminadas mantenidas por mucho tiempo en un tanque como la fuente de la infección humana (24).…”

Section: Identificación De Cyclosporaunclassified

“…En Nepal, la duración de los episodios diarreicosiue de 43 dias en promedio, con un rango de 4 a 107 dias (18). Nuestros casos presentaron diarrea de 7 a 15 dias de duración y los episodios se iniciaron súbitamente con diarrea acuosa, con 3 a 7 deposiciones diarias.…”

Section: Identificación De Cyclosporaunclassified

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Infección por Cyclospora sp. en tres pacientes inmunocompetentes

et al. 2000

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ResumenSe presentan tres casos de pacientes inmunocompetentes con síndrome diarreico que consultaron al Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical en Medellin. El único agente patógeno aislado de sus muestras fecales fue Cyclospora sp. Una paciente fue tratada con un medicamento antiparasitario experimental, la nitazoxanida, y los otros dos pacientes con trimetroprim-sulfametoxazole, todos con buenos resultados. Se presenta una revisión de algunos aspectos de la enfermedad y se recomienda que, en casos de diarrea prolongada, se disponga de un protocolo completo para estudio de parásitos en materia fecal, además de capacitar muy bien al personal de salud que lee los coprológicos para establecer un diagnóstico diferencial entre el grupo de las coccidias.Palabras clave: coccidia, Cyclospora, diarrea crónica Cyclospora sp. infection i n three immunocompetent patients We describe three patients seen at the Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical in Medellin, in whose case the only parasitic agent incriminated as the cause of prolonged diarrhea was the protozoan Cyclospora sp. One patient was treated with a new antiparasitic drug, nitazoxanide, and the other two with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, al1 with good results. A revision of some aspects of the illness is presented. It is recommended that in cases of prolonged diarrhea, a complete protocol for the study of parasites in faeces be established and that the microscopists be trained to identify the coccidian pathogens.

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“…The oocysts contained two sporocysts, but Ashford was unable to identify the parasite to generic level due to difficulties in determining the number of sporozoites in the sporocysts. This important finding, strangely overlooked in much of the literature, was followed by a series of publications on similar findings in patients, most of whom were suffering from acute "traveller's diarrhoea" acquired in areas with poor standards of hygiene, or in immunocompromised (Aids) patients (Soave et al 1986, Long et al 1990, Hart et al 1990, Shlim et al 1991. Long et al (1991) proposed the term "cyanobacterium-like bodies" (CLB) for the cysts, because of a superficial ultrastructural resemblance to unicellular members of the blue-green algae.…”

Section: Human Cyclosporiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genus Cyclospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), with a description of Cyclospora schneideri n.sp. in the snake Anilius scytale scytale (Aniliidae) from Amazonian Brazil: a review

Lainson

2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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A review is made of the recorded species of the coccidian genus Cyclospora and major events leading up to the discovery of C. cayetanensis, which is responsible for serious outbreaks of diarrhoea in man and is one of the aetiological agents of "traveller's diarrhoea". Humans appear to be the specific hosts, with the entire life-cycle in the intestine: to date there is no convincing evidence that the disease is a zoonosis. A description is given of oocysts and endogenous stages of C. schneideri n.sp., in the snake Anilius scytale scytale. Sporulation is exogenous and completed after about one week at 24-26°.

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An Alga-Like Organism Associated with an Outbreak of Prolonged Diarrhea among Foreigners in Nepal

Cited by 149 publications

References 0 publications

The incidence ofCyclospora cayetanensisin stool samples submitted to a district general hospital

The incidence ofCyclospora cayetanensisin stool samples submitted to a district general hospital

Infección por Cyclospora sp. en tres pacientes inmunocompetentes

The Genus Cyclospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), with a description of Cyclospora schneideri n.sp. in the snake Anilius scytale scytale (Aniliidae) from Amazonian Brazil: a review

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