The article discusses the issues of surface roughness when milling aluminum alloys. Effects of tooling unbalance are analyzed. The mathematical modeling method was used to calculate residual tooling equipment unbalance values. To assess model adequacy, experiments were conducted according to the fractional three-level four-factor plan. The unbalance effect was determined by regression analysis of the experimental data. Response surfaces were constructed. The experiments were conducted on a modern milling center. The results confirm that the mathematical model is adequate and the degree of surface roughness depends on residual tooling unbalance values.