An All-Solid-State Electrochromic Device Based on WO3–Nb2O5 Composite Films Prepared by Fast-Alternating Bipolar-Pulsed Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Tang, Chien-Jen; He, Ju-Liang; Jaing, Cheng–Chung; Liang, Chen-Jui; Chou, Ching-Hung; Han, Chien-Yuan; Tien, Chuen‐Lin

doi:10.3390/coatings9010009

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The electrochemical experiments were carried out by applying a voltage of −1.1 V for 5 seconds and of +0.5 V for 5 seconds and were carrying out for 4000 cycles for each potential value. It is observed that for all of the films, the stability was higher than that reported in a previous work 55,56 . This means that the films obtained by our method were robust and adhered strongly to the substrate.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 38%

“…It is observed that for all of the films, the stability was higher than that reported in a previous work. 55,56 This means that the films obtained by our method were robust and adhered strongly to the substrate. Comparing the CA results obtained for different films, we found that the film annealed at 250 C showed the highest current density for both oxidized and reduced peaks.…”

Section: Electrochromic Full Cell Preparationmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

Nguyen

Huynh

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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In this work, a facile sol-gel and annealing technique was employed to prepare amorphous electrochromic tungsten oxide thin films at a relatively low temperature. Specifically, ammonium metatungstate hydrate was blended in dimethylformamide and was used as the precursor for obtaining highly uniform and transparent amorphous WO x by simple spin-coating and calcining in ambient air at 250 C for 2 hours. The film exhibits an unprecedented stability over 4000 operational cycles with a high coloration efficiency of 125 cm 2 C −1 and fast switching times of 5 seconds for the colored state and 2.5 seconds for the bleaching state. Therefore, the prepared amorphous tungsten oxide film is a prominent material for the next generation of electrochromic devices that can be used in smart windows and electronic display devices.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 38%

Section: Electrochromic Full Cell Preparationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

Nguyen

Huynh

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…This reduction is reversible, and heating at 900 °C in air leads back to the yellowish and fully oxidized phase (Figure ). Like WO 3 , thin films of Nb 8 W 9 O 47 show electrochromatic behavior. − …”

Section: Properties and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complex Crystal Chemistry of Niobium Tungsten Oxides

Krumeich

2022

Chem. Mater.

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Niobium tungsten oxides are currently intensively studied because of their potential use as high-performance anode materials in lithium ion batteries, showing fast ion exchange and high cycling stability. Such properties originate from a varied structural chemistry in the pseudobinary system Nb2O5/WO3, which is based upon multifaceted octahedral frameworks derived from the ReO3 type. Different structure types like the block phases and the tetragonal tungsten bronze derivatives are realized to accommodate oxygen:metal ratios in the range 2.5 ≤ O/ΣM ≤ 3.0 (M = Nb,W). This review starts with an overview about the synthesis of the existing phases and their structures. The building principles of structures occurring in this system are described. In a given phase, the substitution of Nb5+ by equimolar amounts of various tetravalent metals and W6+ gives rise to isostructural solid solution series. The option to oxidize reduced phases at different temperatures introduces further complexity and generates unprecedented structural variants. Possibilities and limitations of X-ray diffraction and various electron microscopy methods for a comprehensive structural characterization of pure phases and less-ordered arrangements are discussed in a historical context. Finally, the outstanding electrochemical performance and thermoelectric properties of niobium tungsten oxides are addressed and perspectives for future applications discussed.

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“…Among many transition metal oxides, tungsten (VI) oxide (WO 3 ) is attracting much attention. It has been used in electrochromic devices [16], gas sensors [17], electrocatalysis [18] and photoelectrocatalytic processes [19]. Recently, many studies have shown that WO 3 may be utilized as an energy storage material [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Easy and Ecological Method of Obtaining Hydrated and Non-Crystalline WO3−x for Application in Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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In this work, we report the synthesis of hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 flakes (WO3−x) via an environmentally friendly and facile water-based strategy. This method is described, in the literature, as exfoliation, however, based on the results obtained, we cannot say unequivocally that we have obtained an exfoliated material. Nevertheless, the proposed modification procedure clearly affects the morphology of WO3 and leads to loss of crystallinity of the material. TEM techniques confirmed that the process leads to the formation of WO3 flakes of a few nanometers in thickness. X-ray diffractograms affirmed the poor crystallinity of the flakes, while spectroscopic methods showed that the materials after exfoliation were abundant with the surface groups. The thin film of hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 exhibits a seven times higher specific capacitance (Cs) in an aqueous electrolyte than bulk WO3 and shows an outstanding long-term cycling stability with a capacitance retention of 92% after 1000 chronopotentiometric cycles in the three-electrode system. In the two-electrode system, hydrated WO3−x shows a Cs of 122 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The developed supercapacitor shows an energy density of 60 Whkg−1 and power density of 803 Wkg−1 with a decrease of 16% in Csp after 10,000 cycles. On the other hand, WO3−x is characterized by inferior properties as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries compared to bulk WO3. Lithium ions intercalate into a WO3 crystal framework and occupy trigonal cavity sites during the electrochemical polarization. If there is no regular layer structure, as in the case of the hydrated and non-crystalline WO3, the insertion of lithium ions between WO3 layers is not possible. Thus, in the case of a non-aqueous electrolyte, the specific capacity of the hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 electrode material is much lower in comparison with the specific capacity of the bulk WO3-based anode material.

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An All-Solid-State Electrochromic Device Based on WO3–Nb2O5 Composite Films Prepared by Fast-Alternating Bipolar-Pulsed Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

The Complex Crystal Chemistry of Niobium Tungsten Oxides

An Easy and Ecological Method of Obtaining Hydrated and Non-Crystalline WO3−x for Application in Supercapacitors

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