An Alternate Approach to the Development of a Distance-Based Measure of Racial Segregation.

Morgan, Barrie S.

doi:10.1086/227802

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Geographers have made several attempts to capture the spatial interaction aspect of segregation. Distance-based approaches were suggested by Jakubs (1981) and Morgan (1983), while more recently, Morrill (1991) and Wong (1993) adopted a neighborhood interaction approach to moderate the level of D. Additional terms were introduced into the calculation of D to account for the potential interaction among population subgroups in neighboring units. The effect of these modifications is to diminish the aspatial segregation level based upon D. Adapting concepts from the development of spatial versions of D, Dawkins (2004) has also proposed a spatial version of the Gini coefficient to measure residential segregation.…”

Section: Measuring Segregation: Approaches and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Surface‐Based Approach to Measuring Spatial Segregation

O’Sullivan

Wong

2007

Geographical Analysis

117

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Quantitative indices of residential segregation have been with us for half a century, but suffer significant limitations. While useful for comparison among regions, summary indices fail to reveal spatial aspects of segregation. Such measures generally consider only the population mix within zones, not between them. Zone boundaries are treated as impenetrable barriers to interaction between population subgroups, so that measurement of segregation is constrained by the zoning system, which bears no necessary relation to interaction among population subgroups. A segregation measurement approach less constrained by the chosen zoning system, which enables visualization of segregation levels at the local scale and accounts for the spatial dimension of segregation, is required. We propose a kernel density estimation approach to model spatial aspects of segregation. This provides an explicitly geographical framework for modeling and visualizing local spatial segregation. The density estimation approach lends itself to development of an index of spatial segregation with the advantage of functional compatibility with the most widely used index of segregation (the dissimilarity index D). We provide a short review of the literature on measuring segregation, briefly describe the kernel density estimation method, and illustrate how the method can be used for measuring segregation. Examples using a simulated landscape and two empirical cases in Washington, DC and Philadelphia, PA are presented.

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Section: Measuring Segregation: Approaches and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Surface‐Based Approach to Measuring Spatial Segregation

O’Sullivan

Wong

2007

Geographical Analysis

117

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“…Duncan and Duncan (1955) reported its sensitivity to the number and scale of spatial units. Geographers and some "spatial sociologists" have been concerned about the "aspatial" nature of the measure, its (lack of) treatment of unit boundaries and distances (Jakubs, 1981;Morgan, 1983;White, 1986;Massey and Denton, 1988;Morrill, 1991;Wong, 1993Wong, , 1997Wong, , 2002Wong et al, 2007). Early critiques (Cortese et al, 1976;VanValey and Roof, 1976) also cautioned against using the index of dissimilarity for comparing metropolitan areas or estimating trends in cities that had been redistricted, a practice to be expected in fast-growing cities.…”

Section: What Do the Measurements Suggest?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Segregation in the Industrializing City: A Closer Look

Gilliland

Olson

2010

Urban Geography

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This article maps and measures several dimensions of residential segregation in Montreal in 1881, thereby adding to our understanding of the social structure of the industrial city. Taking advantage of an unusual historical database-a historical geographic information system (H-GIS)-we locate 17,000 individual households with precision, and evaluate the "dissimilarity" of neighborhoods along several social dimensions and at various levels of spatial aggregation. The empirical findings suggest that Montreal was highly segregated along lines of ethnic identity as well as socioeconomic status; segregation values increased inversely with size of the spatial unit, but precision of unit boundaries have negligible effect. Coupling the highprecision GIS with a statistical model such as the classic index of dissimilarity lends new power to grasp the scale of phenomena, to inquire into behavioral choices of 19th-century households, and even to challenge our assumptions about the meaning of "segregation" or "integration."

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“…Jakubs (1981) proposed a distance-based segregation index (DBI), arguing that distance is a major factor aVecting the level of interaction among groups. This index, later modi® ed by Morgan (1983a), however, requires the use of linear programming or optimization technique.…”

Section: Measuring Spatial Dimensions Of Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Local Segregation: A Spatial Interaction Approach

Wong¹

2002

Geographical and Environmental Modelling

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Most measures of residential segregation can be regarded as global measures because they are summary indices for the entire study region. But the level of segregation is not uniform within the region and therefore local measures are warranted. The entropy-base d diversity index is a local measure, but it fails to account for interactions between population groups across areal boundaries. In this paper, the diversity index is modiWed to accommodate spatial interaction between population groups across areal units. In addition, a set of local segregation measures is introduced to model local segregation based upon the exposure concept in segregation studies and the spatial interaction concept in geographica l modeling. A simulation and an empirical study are used to demonstrate the utilities of this modeling approach.

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An Alternate Approach to the Development of a Distance-Based Measure of Racial Segregation.

Cited by 52 publications

References 12 publications

A Surface‐Based Approach to Measuring Spatial Segregation

A Surface‐Based Approach to Measuring Spatial Segregation

Residential Segregation in the Industrializing City: A Closer Look

Modeling Local Segregation: A Spatial Interaction Approach

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