An Alternative for the End-of-life Phase of Flame Retardant Textile Products: Degradation of Flame Retardant and Preliminary Settings of Energy Valorization by Gasification

Yasin, Sohail; Curti, Massimo; Rovero, Giorgio; Behary, Nemeshwaree; Perwuelz, Anne; Giraud, Stéphane; Migliavacca, Gianluca; Chen, Guoqiang; Guan, Jinping

doi:10.15376/biores.12.3.5196-5211

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pyrolysis of biomass [42][43][44][45][46][47], waste plastic [48,49], scrap tires [50,51] and sludge [52][53][54][55] have been tested and validated at lab and pilot scale. Also, the combustion of wood charcoal [56], biomass [57][58][59], sludge from the paper industry [60] or eventually toxic wastes [61] has been object of several studies as well as the gasification of coal [62,63], biomass [64][65][66][67], sewage sludge [68], flame retardants textile products [69] and mixtures of biomass with plastics [46] or coal [70].…”

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confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

et al. 2017

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The development of robust mathematical models could provide the necessary tools for a more rapid, efficient, and reliable spouted bed technology development. Computer simulations can be very useful to aid this design and scale-up process: firstly, they can contribute to obtain a fundamental insight into their complex dynamic behavior by understanding the elementary physical principles such as drag, friction, dissipation etc.; secondly, the simulations can be used as a design tool where the ultimate goal is to have a numerical model with predictive capabilities for gas-particle flows at engineering scale. Clearly, one single simulation method will not be able to achieve this goal, but a hierarchy of methods modelling phenomena on different length and time scales can achieve this. The most fruitful approach will be when they are simultaneously followed, so that they can mutually benefit from each other. In this sense, this paper presents a review of the current state of the art of modelling on spouted and spout-fluid beds through an analysis of recent literature following a multiscale approach (molecular and particle, lab, plant and industrial scale). The main features of the different scales together with their current limits are discussed and specific topics are highlighted as paths that still need to be explored. In summary, the paper aims to define the theoretical setline and the basis of improvement that would lead to a robust multiscale model with solid links between micro and macroscopic phenomena. If done with the correct balance between accuracy and computational costs it will gear SB towards their reliable and successful implementation.

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confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

et al. 2017

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“…Flame retardants incorporated to textiles can be organic or inorganic in nature [7,8], eventually make their way to landfills and incinerators. In the waste hierarchy, landfill being least preferable [9] and due to leachate of flame retardant chemicals [10], incineration is used commonly. Incineration constitutes a vast repository for toxic chemicals along with manmade or natural fibers, posing environmental emissions [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, MSW combustion from other thermal valorization technologies, especially flame retardants is rather limited to date [12,18]. Thermal valorization technology like gasification is considered a more favorable method compared to incineration, as it converts material (biomass/organic mostly) to multipurpose fuel gas, known as the syngas [10,19]. The produced syngas is taken as synthesis reactant or a mere fuel for industrial use [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in gasification, the quality of syngas is highly dependent on the content and properties of the material gasified, design and operative conditions and the gasifier itself [19]. Optimal gasification conditions and design have been studied previously for flame retardant textiles [10], it will be however interesting to see the content and properties of the syngas produced from such textiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is rare to find in literature on gasification acted as alternate disposal treatment of flame retardant textiles. Spouted bed reactors have demonstrated advantages in terms of medium gas consumption, pressure drop and the possibility to operate with coarse particles, compare to an equivalent bubbling bed unit [10,19]. They have been used in bench scale units for the pyrolysis of different solid wastes [23], besides their gasification process applications originally started from coal feed, to variant biomass and waste plastics as well [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spouted-Bed Gasification of Flame Retardant Textiles as a Potential Non-Conventional Biomass

et al. 2020

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Renewable energy from thermal valorization plays a key part in today’s energy from natural cellulosic textiles that are resourceful biomass and safe from toxicity at high temperature treatments. The situation is opposite, when technical textiles are treated with synthetic chemical finishes adding functionality as anti-bacterial, water repellent or flame retardant, etc. Incineration of flame retardant textile results in possible unfavorable gases, toxic fumes and contaminated ash. Other thermal valorization techniques like gasification would assist in avoiding the formation of additional toxic hazards. Herein, gasification of flame retardant textile is carried out the likelihood to get quality gas composition. For comparative analysis, flame retardant textiles, after their flame retardant ability being revoked, are also gasified. The output gas components suggested that gasification can be a useful thermal valorization approach for flame retardant textiles and relevantly improved gas composition was seen in textiles with their flame retardant substrate/species being removed.

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An Alternative for the End-of-life Phase of Flame Retardant Textile Products: Degradation of Flame Retardant and Preliminary Settings of Energy Valorization by Gasification

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

Spouted-Bed Gasification of Flame Retardant Textiles as a Potential Non-Conventional Biomass

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