An alternative method for high frequency effective Vπ measurements of phase modulators

Wideband optical phase modulator half-wave voltage measurement technique based on phase modulation optical link

“…Different techniques have been proposed up today: one typically method is observed optical spectrum with an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) [4][5][6], another method is converts the intensity variations into an electrical signal with the photodetector and then measured with a spectrum analyzer [7,8]. An alternative method is insert a tunable unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer and measure the effective half-wave voltages of phase modulators [9]. However these methods are limited in bandwidth of the measuring instruments, the line-width of the optical sources and the point-by-point measurements are slow for a full investigation of the frequency behavior.…”