An alternative method for predicting organic solute volatilization rates under gas and liquid turbulence

Chao, Huan‐Ping; Lee, Jiunn‐Fwu; Lee, Chung‐Kung; Huang, Hui‐Chen

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.046

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, if the chemical structure and physical-chemical properties of the organic solutes are similar, it could indicate that 4 will remain constant, even as the liquid-mixing level increases (Chao et al, 2005b). Although the approach is an alternative to the estimation of the volatilization loss of organic solutes in a complete-mixing tank, the K OL values of organic compounds with similar structure and properties have to be known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approach, however, cannot be used to estimate the volatilization rates of organic solutes under different environmental conditions. Thus, the concept of the reference compound is applied to obtain the K OL values of the selected chemicals by the K OL values of the reference compounds for a specific condition (Smith et al, 1980;Rathbun and Tai, 1987;Rathbun, 1990;Chao et al, 2005b). It is assumed that the ratio of the volatilization rate constant of an organic solute to that of a reference substance is independent of the liquid-mixing conditions in water, i.e.,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatilization characteristics of organic solutes in stirred solution

Chao

2009

Journal of Environmental Management

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatilization characteristics of organic solutes in stirred solution

Chao

2009

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…In the past study, the K OL values of organic compounds with low H (H < 0.001 dimensionless) were proportional to their H values (Chao, 2009b). In addition, the organic compounds with the similar physico-chemical properties underwent identical changes in their K OL values under various wind speeds (Chao et al, 2005b). The finding indicated that the surfactants may alter the principle.…”

Section: Effects Of Wind Speeds On the K Ol Values Of Organic Compounmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…4, the characteristics of the average αs ratios are a sharp-falling curvature when the wind blows across the solution face. The wind may reduce the concentration of the organic compounds at the interface, which was explained in other report (Chao et al, 2005b). The drop in the curvatures of the average αs ratios is smooth if the wind speeds increase continuously.…”

Section: Effects Of Wind On the Concentration Of Chlorinated Pesticidmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The result may lead to the increase in concentration of organic compounds at the gas-liquid interface. A number of previous reports indicated that the wind across the solution surface may blow away the organic solutes at the interface to enhance the volatilization amount (Chao et al, 2005b;Chao, 2009a). If the surfactants attract the aggregation of organic compounds at the interface, the concentrations of the organic compounds at the interface increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emissions of Organic Compounds in Surfactant Solutions under Air Turbulence

Chao

2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of surfactants aggregating the gas-liquid interface on the volatilization rates of the organic compounds. The changes in the overall mass transfer coefficient (K OL ) and concentration at gas-liquid interface of organic compounds in surfactant (dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium, DBS) solutions under wind speed conditions were used to elucidate the results. The studied compounds consisted of aromatic compounds, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, and propylbenzene with relatively higher Henry's law constants (H) and water solubilities (S w ), and chlorinated pesticides, α-endosulfan, heptachlor epoxide, endrin, and dieldrin, with relatively lower H and S w . Various surfactant concentrations, from 0 to 1000 mg/L under various wind speeds from 0 to 6.0 m/s, were used to examine the influence of the surfactant on the volatilization of the test organic compounds. The results indicated that the surfactant in the solution suppressed the volatilization of organic compounds. The degree of volatilization reduction was inversely proportional to the S w values of the test organic compounds. The curve profiles for the K OL values of the organic compounds in the surfactant solutions, relative to the selected wind speed, were divided into the following two stages: the sharp-rise stage and the stable-linearity stage. The critical finding was that the surfactant markedly enhanced the concentrations of the low S w compounds at the interface. The wind may cause an unexpected increase in the K OL value of the low S w compound in the solution that contains a high surfactant concentration.

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Volatile emissions from hot bitumen storage tanks

Deygout¹

2011

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The purpose of this study is to estimate the fugitive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from hot stored bitumen and to assess the contribution of these VOCs on the overall emissions in refinery processes. All the usual information regarding VOC emissions from tank storage is based on the storage of petroleum products at ambient temperature (mainly volatile streams such as fuels), and all the calculation systems used to predict or estimate the emissions are based on daily or seasonal temperature variations. Consequently, a dedicated protocol for hot bitumen storage using measurement-based estimations was established. Tank headspace compositions were also determined. Some annual emissions were estimated and comparisons were made with current emission factor-based methods.The atmospheric VOC emissions from hot stored bitumen were shown to be made of residual petroleum compounds. The experiments demonstrated that volatile emissions are more bitumen related than temperature dependent in the studied temperature range. The experiments also showed VOC depletion over time. Storage duration is the predominant factor affecting VOC emission levels. Another main outcome concerns the influence of differences in the manufacturing process between oxidized and nonoxidized bitumens, with the blowing operation decreasing the VOC contents by stripping. Finally, it is shown that hot bitumen storage tanks make a low contribution to the overall fugitive VOC emissions in a refinery process.

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An alternative method for predicting organic solute volatilization rates under gas and liquid turbulence

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Volatilization characteristics of organic solutes in stirred solution

Volatilization characteristics of organic solutes in stirred solution

Emissions of Organic Compounds in Surfactant Solutions under Air Turbulence

Volatile emissions from hot bitumen storage tanks

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