An analysis of Asian midfacial fat thickness according to age group using computed tomography

Jang, Min-Seok; Kim, Hyo Yeol; Dhong, Hun‐Jong; Chung, Seung‐Kyu; Hong, Sang Duk; Cho, Hyun Jin

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2014.10.037

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Therefore, we did not evaluate the incidence of postoperative ptosis. [8][9][10] For older patients, the need for reduction zygomatic osteotomy is low, so our study just enrolled young patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midfacial Soft Tissue Changes After Reduction Malarplasty: A Computed Tomographic Study

Gao

Wei

Yuan

et al. 2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Background:The reduction malarplasty has become one of the most popular esthetic surgeries among Asian women to improve facial contour. However, it is still controversial whether midfacial soft tissue changes after surgery, and more studies are needed. Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed 30 patients who underwent L-shaped reduction malarplasty during January 2018 and August 2019. The preoperative and postoperative soft tissue thickness and the angle of nasolabial fold of the midfacial were assessed using photographs, threedimensional skull computerized tomography images, and the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale. Results: The postoperative average level of nasolabial fold angle was lower than that observed in preoperative conditions, with the difference being statistically significant (t ¼ -10.262, P < 0.001). The postoperative fifth and sixth layers of soft tissue in the midface were significantly higher than those observed in preoperative tissues. Conclusions: Although L-shaped reduction malarplasty has evident effects on soft tissue changes of middle face, they are within acceptable ranges and do not affect patient satisfaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midfacial Soft Tissue Changes After Reduction Malarplasty: A Computed Tomographic Study

Gao

Wei

Yuan

et al. 2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Cheek volume loss was related to facial aging in a medical esthetic evaluation. 27,28 This may explain why orthodontists regarded decreased grade III images as less attractive and visually more aged compared to nonspecialists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plastic surgeons have adopted a series of descriptive and subjective scales to evaluate the cheek and mid-face, such as age-related midface volume deficit (MVD), Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), look and feel of the midface (LAFM), and self-perception of Age (SPA). 27,33 With the emergence of advanced imaging systems, more quantitative details will continue to become accessible in treatment planning through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and 3D stereophotogrammetry. 34,35 The 3D facial photographic average and 3D superimposition of individual samples to the average have been investigated and the protocol for mapping human faces in three dimensions has been established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esthetic evaluation of facial cheek volume: A study using 3D stereophotogrammetry

Feng

Yin

et al. 2018

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives: To investigate the influence of cheek volume on facial esthetics judged by orthodontists and non-specialists. Materials and Methods: A 25-year-old female's natural and smiling face was captured by 3D stereophotogrammetry. Cheek volume of the 3D image was altered to different degrees three-dimensionally. For the natural and smiling face, seven groups of facial images were created: decreased grade I/II/III, increased grade I/II/III, and the original one. Thirty orthodontists and 30 nonspecialists were invited to perform esthetic evaluation of the original and transformed images using a questionnaire. Data were calculated with one-way analysis of variance (least significant difference test) and independent samples t test. Results: Compared to nonspecialists, orthodontists gave lower esthetic scores to the decreased grade III facial images (maximum deformation degree: 7.500 mm and 7.327 mm in natural and smiling face-oriented image groups, respectively). The decreased grade III facial images also received the highest age ranks. However, the increased grade III facial images received the lowest scores and highest age ranks from nonspecialists (maximum deformation degree: 6.994 mm and 5.300 mm in natural and smiling face-oriented image groups, respectively) (P < .01). Conclusions: Orthodontists and nonspecialists showed different esthetic evaluation of varied cheek volume. The influence of cheek volume in orthodontic diagnostic analysis needs further consideration.

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“…To the contrary, Jang [ 23 ] concluded in his work referenced below ‘This study suggests that the mid-facial fat pad is thickened in the elderly.’ And he is not the only one, and many other 3D studies of the mid-face [ 24 – 26 ] conclude that there was no mid-face fat deflation with time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentric Malar Lift in the Management of Lower Eyelid Rejuvenation or Retraction: A Clinical Retrospective Study on 342 Cases, 13 Years After the First Publication

Louarn¹

2018

Aesth Plast Surg

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BackgroundLower eyelid rejuvenation can, unfortunately, induce scleral show even if the lower eyelid procedure is limited. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness and reliability of the concentric malar lift technique in two scenarios: the first, in rejuvenation of the mid-face and, the second, in reconstructive surgery for correction of congenital or acquired eyelids malposition.MethodsThe concentric malar lift technique was first published by Le Louarn (Aesthet Plast Surg 28(6):359–372, 2004). This retrospective study was carried out by analyzing data on patients operated on between January 2010 and January 2016. Patients operated on before 2010 were excluded because barbed thread sutures were not used in the first version of the technique. Patients after January 2016 were excluded to ensure adequate follow-up, and so 342 patients are included in the study. A total of 256 cases (75%) were for aesthetic mid-face lifting, and 86 cases (25%) were reconstructive surgeries for lower eyelid retraction. A spacer graft was used in 30 of these reconstructive cases (35%). The mean follow-up time was 13.6 months. All the concentric malar lifting procedures included strengthening the lateral canthus, which is a key element of the procedure.ResultsNone of the patients developed secondary eyelid malposition, and all the cases of lower eyelid retraction displayed marked improvement both functionally and aesthetically. Two patients experienced loss of sensitivity of part in the infra-orbital nerve distribution for 4 months after the procedure.ConclusionThe concentric malar lift procedure enables the recruitment of a significant amount of skin into the lower eyelid: between 10 and 30 mm. It ensures better rejuvenation of the mid-face with minimal risk of lower eyelid malposition. In reconstruction of the lower eyelid lid, the concentric malar lift is able to reduce the need for skin grafting and a skin flap reducing the risks of visible scarring.Level of Evidence IVThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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An analysis of Asian midfacial fat thickness according to age group using computed tomography

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Midfacial Soft Tissue Changes After Reduction Malarplasty: A Computed Tomographic Study

Midfacial Soft Tissue Changes After Reduction Malarplasty: A Computed Tomographic Study

Esthetic evaluation of facial cheek volume: A study using 3D stereophotogrammetry

Concentric Malar Lift in the Management of Lower Eyelid Rejuvenation or Retraction: A Clinical Retrospective Study on 342 Cases, 13 Years After the First Publication

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