An Analysis of Certain Effects of Bilateral Temporal Lobectomy in the Rhesus Monkey, with Special Reference to “Psychic Blindness”

Klüver, Heinrich; Bucy, Paul C.

doi:10.1080/00223980.1938.9917551

Cited by 311 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Goltz, 11 in 1892, and Klüver and Bucy, 19 in the 1930s, demonstrated that bilateral temporal lobectomy in animals attenuated aggressiveness and fear responses, rendering the animals, as Klüver and Bucy stated, psychically blind. 8 This early exploration into the neuroanatomy of the limbic system, along with Papez's 1937 description 27 of the neural circuit involved in emotion, helped to shape modern surgical approaches to treat aggressive disorders.…”

Section: Surgical Approaches To Aggressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep brain stimulation of the orbitofrontal projections for the treatment of intermittent explosive disorder

Maley¹,

Alvernia²,

Valle³

et al. 2010

FOC

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Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is characterized by a dysfunction in the greater limbic system leading an individual to experience sudden aggressive behavior with little or no environmental perturbation. This report describes a procedure for the treatment of IED in a 19-year-old woman with a history of IED, having had episodes of severe violent attacks against family, dating to early childhood. Due to the severity and intractability of the illness, deep brain stimulation was performed, targeting the orbitofrontal projections to the hypothalamus. The patient's history and the procedure, management, and rationale are described in detail.

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Section: Surgical Approaches To Aggressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep brain stimulation of the orbitofrontal projections for the treatment of intermittent explosive disorder

Maley¹,

Alvernia²,

Valle³

et al. 2010

FOC

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“…It should allow an animal to benefit maximally from the many potential advantages of a social existence. Second, from a neuropsychological perspective, particular forms of brain damage (such as lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex or to the amygdala; Butter & Snyder, 1972;Kling & Brothers, 1992) are already known to lead to quite specific abnormalities in social behaviour, as classically illustrated by the Kluver-Bucy syndrome in monkeys (Kluver & Bucy, 1938) and by the human case of Phineas Gage (see Damasio, 1995). Third, more recent evidence from neuroscience, using single-cell recording techniques, has revealed the existence of neurons that respond selectively to particular classes of social stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaze Perception Triggers Reflexive Visuospatial Orienting

Driver¹,

Davis²,

et al. 1999

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This paper seeks to bring together two previously separate research traditions: research on spatial orienting within the visual cueing paradigm and research into social cognition, addressing our tendency to attend in the direction that another person looks. Cueing methodologies from mainstream attention research were adapted to test the automaticity of orienting in the direction of seen gaze. Three studies manipulated the direction of gaze in a computerized face, which appeared centrally in a frontal view during a peripheral letter-discrimination task. Experiments 1 and 2 found faster discrimination of peripheral target letters on the side the computerized face gazed towards, even though the seen gaze did not predict target side, and despite participants being asked to ignore the face. This suggests reflexive covert and/or overt orienting in the direction of seen gaze, arising even when the observer has no motivation to orient in this way. Experiment 3 found faster letter discrimination on the side the computerized face gazed towards even when participants knew that target letters were four times as likely on the opposite side. This suggests that orienting can arise in the direction of seen gaze even when counter to intentions. The experiments illustrate that methods from mainstream attention research can be usefully applied to social cognition, and that studies of spatial attention may profit from considering its social function.

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“…They reproduced the work of Brown and Schäfer, but very likely with more meticulous neurosurgical and behavioral observational techniques. Several years after these first bilateral temporal lobectomies, 12,14,16 Klüver came across Brown and Schäfer's 1888 reference after a search of the world literature, and the "two monkeys exhibiting essentially the same symptoms I have described." 13 In 1951, Klüver remarked, "It is evident that the observation of Brown and Schäfer agree fully with ours, particularly with reference to the picture of psychic blindness, the oral tendencies, the 'hypermetaphosis,' and the striking changes in emotional behavior.…”

Section: Animal 12: a Large Vigorous Rhesus Monkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanger Brown and Edward Schäfer before Heinrich Klüver and Paul Bucy: their observations on bilateral temporal lobe ablations

Vannemreddy

Stone

2017

Neurosurgical Focus

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Fifty years before a report on the complete bitemporal lobectomy syndrome in primates, known as the Klüver-Bucy syndrome, was published, 2 talented investigators working at the University College in London, England—neurologist Sanger Brown and physiologist Edward Schäfer—also made this discovery. The title of their work was “An investigation into the functions of the occipital and temporal lobes of the monkey’s brain,” and it involved excisional brain surgery in 12 monkeys. They were particularly interested in the then-disputed primary cortical locations relating to vision and hearing. However, following extensive bilateral temporal lobe excisions in 2 monkeys, they noted peculiar behavior including apparent loss of memory and intelligence resembling “idiocy.” These investigators recognized most of the behavioral findings that later came to be known as the Klüver-Bucy syndrome. However, they were working within the late-19th-century framework of cerebral cortical localizations of basic motor and sensory functions.Details of the Brown and Schäfer study and a glimpse of the neurological thinking of that period is presented. In the decades following the pivotal work of Klüver and Bucy in the late 1930s, in which they used a more advanced neurosurgical technique, tools of behavioral observations, and analysis of brain sections after euthanasia, investigators have elaborated the full components of the clinical syndrome and the extent of their resections.Other neuroscientists sought to isolate and determine the specific temporal neocortical, medial temporal, and deep limbic structures responsible for various visual and complex behavioral deficits. No doubt, Klüver and Bucy’s contribution led to a great expansion in attention given to the limbic system’s role in action, perception, emotion, and affect—a tide that continues to the present time.

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An Analysis of Certain Effects of Bilateral Temporal Lobectomy in the Rhesus Monkey, with Special Reference to “Psychic Blindness”

Cited by 311 publications

References 15 publications

Deep brain stimulation of the orbitofrontal projections for the treatment of intermittent explosive disorder

Deep brain stimulation of the orbitofrontal projections for the treatment of intermittent explosive disorder

Gaze Perception Triggers Reflexive Visuospatial Orienting

Sanger Brown and Edward Schäfer before Heinrich Klüver and Paul Bucy: their observations on bilateral temporal lobe ablations

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