An analysis of general acoustic-phonetic features for Spanish speech produced with the Lombard effect

Castellanos, Antonio Javier Martín; Benedí, José-Miguel; Casacuberta, Francisco

doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(96)00042-8

Cited by 57 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This concerned vocal intensity and related parameters, which agrees with the findings of most of the previous studies conducted on read speech (Castellanos et al, 1996;Junqua, 1993;Stanton et al, 1988;Van Summers et al, 1988). Our results support the idea that speech adaptation in noise is neither a purely communicative effect nor a purely automatic regulation of voice intensity but instead a combination of both.…”

Section: Impact On the Understanding Of The Lombard Effectsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Speech produced in noise (i.e., Lombard speech) has been characterized by an increase in intensity and pitch, a shift of spectral energy toward the medium frequencies, a decrease of speech rate, articulatory movements of greater amplitude, and phoneme modifications (Castellanos, Benedi, & Casacuberta, 1996;Davis, Kim, Grauwinkel, & Mixdorff, 2006;Garnier, 2008;Junqua, 1993;Kim, 2005;Mokbel, 1992;Stanton, Jamieson, & Allen, 1988;Van Summers, Pisoni, Bernacki, Pedlow, & Stokes, 1988). These speech modifications reduce to a large degree the efficiency of automatic speech recognition systems, which are usually based on models of conversational speech produced in quiet conditions (Hanson & Applebaum, 1990;Junqua, 1993).…”

Section: Maëva Garniermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, the most classical paradigm to study Lombard speech has consisted of playing noise over headphones to individuals seated alone in a recording booth and reading out lists of words or sentences (Castellanos et al, 1996;Egan, 1972;Junqua, 1993;Stanton et al, 1988;Van Summers et al, 1988). However, this paradigm may raise a number of concerns.…”

Section: Concerns Raised By Experimental Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Sound Immersion and Communicative Interaction on the Lombard Effect

Garnier

Henrich

Dubois

2010

J Speech Lang Hear Res

159

147

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Purpose: To examine the influence of sound immersion techniques and speech production tasks on speech adaptation in noise. Method: In Experiment 1, we compared the modification of speakers' perception and speech production in noise when noise is played into headphones (with and without additional self-monitoring feedback) or over loudspeakers. We also examined how this sound immersion effect depends on noise type (broadband or cocktail party) and level (from 62 to 86dB SPL). In Experiment 2, we compared the modification of acoustic and lip articulatory parameters in noise when speakers interact or not with a speech partner. Results: Speech modifications in noise were greater when cocktail party noise was played in headphones than over loudspeakers. Such an effect was less noticeable in broadband noise. Adding a self-monitoring feedback into headphones reduced this effect but did not completely compensate for it. Speech modifications in noise were greater in interactive situation and concerned parameters that may not be related to voice intensity. Conclusions:The results support the idea that the Lombard effect is both a communicative adaptation and an automatic regulation of vocal intensity. The influence of auditory and communicative factors has some methodological implications on the choice of appropriate paradigms to study the Lombard effect.

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Section: Impact On the Understanding Of The Lombard Effectsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Maëva Garniermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concerns Raised By Experimental Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Sound Immersion and Communicative Interaction on the Lombard Effect

Garnier

Henrich

Dubois

2010

J Speech Lang Hear Res

159

147

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“…A similar trend for vowels, nasals and liquids can be seen in a study performed on Lombard speech of 5 male Spanish native speakers Castellanos et al (1996) although interestingly we did not find this trend in the Lombard database that we recorded from our speaker. The gains obtained for the other class (stops, fricative and affricates) as shown in Figure 10 are, as previously stated, much smaller.…”

Section: Acoustic Analysissupporting

confidence: 89%

Intelligibility enhancement of HMM-generated speech in additive noise by modifying Mel cepstral coefficients to increase the glimpse proportion

Valentini-Botinhao

Yamagishi

King

et al. 2014

Computer Speech & Language

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This paper describes speech intelligibility enhancement for hidden Markov model (HMM) generated synthetic speech in noise. We present a method for modifying the Mel cepstral coefficients generated by statistical parametric models that have been trained on plain speech. We update these coefficients such that the Glimpse Proportion -an objective measure of the intelligibility of speech in noise -increases, while keeping the speech energy fixed. An acoustic analysis reveals that the modified speech is boosted in the region 1-4kHz, particularly for vowels, nasals and approximants. Results from listening tests employing speech-shaped noise show that the modified speech is as intelligible as a synthetic voice trained on plain speech whose duration, Mel cepstral coefficients and excitation signal parameters have been adapted to Lombard speech from the same speaker. Our proposed method does not require these additional recordings of Lombard speech. In the presence of a competing talker, both modification and adaptation of spectral coefficients give more modest gains.

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“…Over a century ago, Lombard (1911) reported that a patient presented with noise immediately increased his vocal effort and fundamental frequency. In the intervening years many studies have confirmed these basic findings for English (e.g., Junqua, 1993;Summers et al, 1988;Hansen, 1996) and for other languages such as French (Garnier, 2007) and Spanish (Castellanos et al, 1996), and extended them to include increases in first formant frequency, an upwards shift of spectral center of gravity and overall segment lengthening. Critically, "Lombard" speech has been found to be more intelligible than speech produced in quiet conditions when tested in additive noise (Dreher and O'Neill, 1957;Summers et al, 1988;Pittman and Wiley, 2001;Garnier, 2007;Lu and Cooke, 2008), sometimes by substantial amounts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The intelligibility of Lombard speech for non-native listeners

Cooke

Lecumberri

2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Speech produced in the presence of noise--Lombard speech--is more intelligible in noise than speech produced in quiet, but the origin of this advantage is poorly understood. Some of the benefit appears to arise from auditory factors such as energetic masking release, but a role for linguistic enhancements similar to those exhibited in clear speech is possible. The current study examined the effect of Lombard speech in noise and in quiet for Spanish learners of English. Non-native listeners showed a substantial benefit of Lombard speech in noise, although not quite as large as that displayed by native listeners tested on the same task in an earlier study [Lu and Cooke (2008), J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, 3261-3275]. The difference between the two groups is unlikely to be due to energetic masking. However, Lombard speech was less intelligible in quiet for non-native listeners than normal speech. The relatively small difference in Lombard benefit in noise for native and non-native listeners, along with the absence of Lombard benefit in quiet, suggests that any contribution of linguistic enhancements in the Lombard benefit for natives is small.

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An analysis of general acoustic-phonetic features for Spanish speech produced with the Lombard effect

Cited by 57 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of Sound Immersion and Communicative Interaction on the Lombard Effect

Influence of Sound Immersion and Communicative Interaction on the Lombard Effect

Intelligibility enhancement of HMM-generated speech in additive noise by modifying Mel cepstral coefficients to increase the glimpse proportion

The intelligibility of Lombard speech for non-native listeners

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