An Analysis of Hot Spot Phenomenon in BOF Process

Lee, Young E.; Kolbeinsen, Leiv

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.47.764

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, its practicability is limited because it does not reflect the specific effects of main factors on decarburization. In the steelmaking process, silicon content, manganese content, oxygen injection rate, bath temperature, and oxygen lance height are main factors that can influence decarburization [3][4][5][6], and this paper focused on the research on the effects of these factors on decarburization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process model for BOF process based on bath mixing degree

Wang

Liu

et al. 2010

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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The process model for BOF process can be applied to predict the liquid steel composition and bath temperature during the whole steelmaking process. On the basis of the traditional three-stage decarburization theory, the concept of mixing degree was put forward, which was used to indicate the effect of oxygen jet on decarburization. Furthermore, a more practical process model for BOF steelmaking was developed by analyzing the effect of silicon, manganese, oxygen injection rate, oxygen lance height, and bath temperature on decarburization. Process verification and end-point verification for the process model have been carried out, and the verification results show that the prediction accuracy of carbon content reaches 82.6% (the range of carbon content at the end-point is less than 0.1wt%) and 85.7% (the range of carbon content at end-point is 0.1wt%-0.7wt%) when the absolute error is less than 0.02wt% and 0.05wt%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process model for BOF process based on bath mixing degree

Wang

Liu

et al. 2010

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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“…Also the higher the oxygen content at the impact area, the greater the temperature developed at the impact zone. [30] Figure 15 shows the radial profile of the CO 2 mass fraction for the supersonic shrouded O 2 jet at different axial locations X/D e = 1, 3, 8, and 12. This figure shows two peaks of CO 2 mass fraction at X/D e = 1 and 3 and only shows one peak at X/D e = 8 and 12 because of the formation of two combustion flames just after the exit of the nozzle as discussed earlier.…”

Section: Vorticity and Turbulent Shear Stress Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Supersonic Coherent Jets for Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process

Alam

Naser

Brooks

et al. 2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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Supersonic coherent gas jets are now used widely in electric arc furnace steelmaking and many other industrial applications to increase the gas-liquid mixing, reaction rates, and energy efficiency of the process. However, there has been limited research on the basic physics of supersonic coherent jets. In the present study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the supersonic jet with and without a shrouding flame at room ambient temperature was carried out and validated against experimental data. The numerical results show that the potential core length of the supersonic oxygen and nitrogen jet with shrouding flame is more than four times and three times longer, respectively, than that without flame shrouding, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. The spreading rate of the supersonic jet decreased dramatically with the use of the shrouding flame compared with a conventional supersonic jet. The present CFD model was used to investigate the characteristics of the supersonic coherent oxygen jet at steelmaking conditions of around 1700 K (1427°C). The potential core length of the supersonic coherent oxygen jet at steelmaking conditions was 1.4 times longer than that at room ambient temperature.

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“…Owing to the time it takes to evaluate the droplets, the results in this paper are focused on droplets from the experiments called E1 and E2. Table 5 shows the measured droplet diameters as well as the 9 Possible sections of different iron droplets during typical grinding operation when droplets are not separated into similar size classes before grinding 10 Close up of one silver solder sample for experiment E1 average concentrations of carbon and silicon in each droplet. A typical carbon concentration mapping of three droplets of different diameters is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Full Equator Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of metal droplets sampled during top lance blowing

Nordqvist

Tilliander²,

Grönlund³

et al. 2009

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Laboratory trials were performed in an induction furnace to study droplet formation during lance blowing. Oxygen was blown on a molten iron bath consisting of iron alloyed with carbon and silicon. Iron droplets were collected using a specially designed sampler. The average iron droplet composition and the oxide layer thickness were determined using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersed spectroscopy. In addition, the concentration gradient of elements was determined using electron probe microanalysis. It should be noted that a special technique had to be developed in order to prepare the droplet sample. The size distribution and composition of the droplets were also determined using the microprobe. The carbon was found to be homogeneously distributed throughout the droplet independently of the size of the droplet. For the experiments using both carbon and silicon it was found that the silicon in most droplets could be found in the periphery of the droplets. It was also found that the tendency was that both the carbon content as well as the silicon content in the droplets decreased with a decreased droplet size. Thus, it was concluded that it is necessary to modify top blown decarburisation processes so that a maximum area between droplet and atmosphere is obtained.

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An Analysis of Hot Spot Phenomenon in BOF Process

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

A process model for BOF process based on bath mixing degree

A process model for BOF process based on bath mixing degree

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Supersonic Coherent Jets for Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process

Characterisation of metal droplets sampled during top lance blowing

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