An Analysis of Logical Fallacy on Prabowo Subianto's Argumentation during 2019 Indonesia Presidential Debate

Abstract

There have been a considerable number of studies of fallacy concerning with presidential debates in Western countries particularly on American presidential debates. However, the study is still rarely concerned with presidential debates in Eastern countries particularly Indonesia. Therefore, this study attempted to find the types of logical fallacies on Indonesian presidential debates committed especially by one of the presidential candidates, Prabowo Subianto, during 2019 Indonesian presidential debates. The data are utterences containing logical fallacies and the source of the data is the transcripts of four debate videos. The theory of fallacy classification by Damer (2009) was employed in this research. There were thirteen types of fallacies found in this research. The most dominant one was the fallacy of false alternatives with the percentage of 31.25%, and followed by the fallacy of drawing the wrong conclusion and appeal to irrelevant authority with the percentage of 15.62% and 9.37% respectively.

Strategies for Automatic Detection of Fallacious Arguments in Political Speeches during Electoral Campaigns in Mexico

“…According to these stages, [21] analyzed four political debates and found a concentration of fallacies in the argumentation and confrontation stages of the debates, with Ad Hominem being the preferred fallacy by politicians in the confrontation stage and Ad Misericordiam in the argumentation stage. In [22], the criteria for a good argument were used to identify fallacies in four presidential debates. The relevance and acceptability criteria were violated most frequently, appearing in 12 of the 32 identified fallacies.…”

“…In addition, research has focused on identifying informal fallacies to verify their use, understanding student's abilities to identify fallacies, understanding the fallacies relationship with populist communication, and the strategic and/or manipulative use made of them in debates, political speeches, and other media. Among the most common fallacies that appear most frequently in political speeches are Ad Hominem, Ad Misericordiam, and Ad Populum [17,19,18,21,22,24,29]. In comparison to the referenced paper [30], the present article provides a study on related works regarding fallacy identification, as well as the elements and features to be considered for the implementation of machine learning models.…”

“…Each research presents a proposal of features. For example, argumentative patterns were used in [18,20,29]; critical discussion resolution rules were used in [23]; and construction of good arguments criteria were used in [22]. Argumentative patterns are related to the expressive language used in premises to justify the argument's conclusion [7].…”

Sosialisasi Pencegahan Logical Fallacy dalam Bersosial Media di SMA Negeri 2 Majene

“…Selain itu, terdapat pula peserta yang mengungkapkan terkait kemungkinan seseorang mengalami logical fallacy tanpa mereka sadari. Hal ini tentu saja mungkin terjadi dikarenakan kesesatan berpikir dapat terjadi secara sengaja maupun tidak disengaja (Warman & Hamzah, 2020).…”