An Analysis of Rainfall Extremes in the Northern South America and Their Behaviors for Future Climate Based on A1b Scenario

Fonseca, Paula; Veiga, José Augusto Paixão; Correia, F. S.; Chan, Chou Sin; Lyra, André

doi:10.5380/abclima.v20i0.47932

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Social programs, built on longstanding systems of clientelism, have targeted rural communities (Kenny 2002;Nelson and Finan 2009), and large cities have benefited from major infrastructure investments to secure water supplies (Buckley 2017). Yet, continued drought risk under climate change increasingly places pressure on the region's existing physical infrastructure and governance capacity to manage water for cities (Chou et al 2014;Fonseca et al 2017). Recent drought in northeast Brazil (2011-2017) revealed significant weaknesses of existing urban water systems (Azevedo et al 2018;Marengo et al 2018), indicating that future climate change could further erode the sustainability of urban water systems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Household Water Insecurity from the Margins: Perspectives from Northeast Brazil

Tomaz

Jepson

Santos

2020

The Professional Geographer

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a Urban water security strategies commonly pivot around supply-side initiatives to mitigate scarcity, forecasted population growth, or anticipated climate change; yet, scholars have begun to expand urban water security scholarship by including alternative frameworks that incorporate equity into the analysis. Our study seeks to contribute to this equity turn by opening the investigative aperture on urban water security research in several aspects. We address the question of water security for whom, and turn our attention to the urban resident and household. We shift empirical focus to smaller urban centers in the Global South, and we develop a new assessment tool for water insecurity, the Household Water Insecurity Index (HWISI), to assess differences across the urban waterscape. We conducted this research in Forquilha (Cear a, Brazil), which represents an overlooked class of small urban centers common across Brazil's semiarid region. We draw on qualitative and quantitative data to describe household water insecurity using the HWISI. The prevalence of household water insecurity is variable, with a quarter of the population experiencing moderate to severe household water insecurity. In addition, analysis of the factors within the HWISI demonstrated how specific water insecurity domains push households across water insecurity thresholds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Household Water Insecurity from the Margins: Perspectives from Northeast Brazil

Tomaz

Jepson

Santos

2020

The Professional Geographer

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“…An aspect upon which most future climate projections agree for southwestern Amazonia is that variability both in precipitation and temperature is going to significantly increase, even from the presently rather high levels affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation or ENSO (Marengo and Espinoza 2016; Fonseca et al 2017;Bathiany et al 2018). Consequently, events of both extreme dryness and exceptional flooding are going to become more frequent.…”

Section: Climate In the Area Of The Bamboo Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bamboo, climate change and forest use: A critical combination for southwestern Amazonian forests?

Ferreira¹,

Kalliola

Ruokolainen

2019

Ambio

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About 160 000 km 2 of forests in the border zone between Brazil and Peru are dominated by semi-scandent bamboos (Guadua spp.). We argue that both predicted decreased precipitation during the dry season and widespread anthropogenic disturbances will significantly increase the distribution and biomass of bamboos in the area. Seasonal dryness favours the growth of evergreen bamboos in relation to trees that shed their leaves during the dry season. Disturbance can be beneficial for the bamboo because, as a clonal plant, it is often able to recover more rapidly than trees. It also withstands dry season better than many trees. The bamboo life cycle ends in a mass mortality event every 28 years, producing potential fuel for a forest fire. Presently, natural forest fires hardly exist in the area. However, in the projected future climate with more pronounced dry season and with increased fuel load after bamboo die-off events the forests may start to catch fire that has escaped from inhabited areas or even started naturally. Fires can kill trees, thus further increasing the fuel load of the forest. As a result, the landscape may start to convert to a savanna ecosystem.

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An Analysis of Rainfall Extremes in the Northern South America and Their Behaviors for Future Climate Based on A1b Scenario

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Urban Household Water Insecurity from the Margins: Perspectives from Northeast Brazil

Urban Household Water Insecurity from the Margins: Perspectives from Northeast Brazil

Bamboo, climate change and forest use: A critical combination for southwestern Amazonian forests?

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