An analysis of self-concept among Ethiopian immigrant and Israeli-born children and adolescents

Abstract

This article reports a study comparing self-concept among 114 immigrant children and adolescents of Ethiopian origin in Israel and among 164 native-born Israelis, including an exploration of how age, gender, and first-language proficiency affect various dimensions of this construct. For the younger children (aged 8-9 years), self-concept was found to be higher among the native-born than among children of Ethiopian origin, while for junior high school children (aged 14-15 years), results were reversed. Findings are interpreted and discussed in light of the complex immigration history and the ongoing integration difficulties faced by members of the Ethiopian community, and related to different coping mechanisms adopted by participants at different ages. Ethiopian adolescents appear to cling more to their peer group, compared with younger children who seem to be more affected by the immediate family circle. Gender differences were found mainly regarding physical self-concept, in favor of boys. Self-rates of language proficiency appeared to be associated with several aspects of self-concept. Finally, and given the unique circumstances of the interaction between Ethiopian immigrants and Israeli society, findings emerge as relevant to the context of refugees, for whom the gap with the host culture is often wider than that encountered by voluntary migrants. Several recommendations related to language, family, and intergroup relations are included.

Self-Concept and Coping Skills of Female Early Adolescents in South Korea

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“…The Ethiopian Jewish community came to Israel with a deep Jewish identity and a rich culture and heritage, with a prominence of strong social networks and an emphasis on the extended family and values of respect ( Schwarz, 2016 ). However, on coming to Israel, difficulties in integration resulted from deep cultural differences ( Kaniel, 1990 ; Tannenbaum, 2008 ), such as the transition from poor rural living to an urban society, significant illiteracy and a more patriarchal culture with religious and community leaders acting as high authority ( Kurman and Ronen-Eilon, 2004 ), as well as racism and discrimination on the basis of skin color ( Offer, 2007 ). Two major waves of immigration took place in 1984 and 1991, with continued immigration into the 21st century.…”

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