An analysis of sweep patterns for a handheld demining system

Abstract

Handheld sensors are commonly used to assist in landmine location and removal. A number of computer systems aimed at assisting humans in discriminating between buried mines and other objects have been developed. Each such system requires some protocol that involves sweeping the sensor over a region of ground using some set of patterns to search for objects (detection) and determine the nature of those objects (discrimination). The work reported here is an effort to determine an acceptable sweep pattern for mine/nonmine discrimination that provides good performance while still being simple for the operator to use. The paper describes a series of data collections and case studies employing a combined radar and metal detection sensor. The system was evaluated first using a robotic operator and later human operators. We discuss the application of a supervised learning system discriminator to each data set, and evaluate discrimination performance. We found that using a relatively simple sweep pattern, computer algorithms can achieve better discrimination performance than an expert human operator, and that (at least up to ten sweeps) our computer algorithm performs better with more sweeps over target.

Anomaly detection of subsurface objects using handheld ground-penetrating radar

“…The data is collected at a constant sampling rate in time and it does not have constant spatial separation between two successive samples due to the non-uniform sweeping speed where the speed reduces at the end of each cross-track sweep 7 . In the processing described below, the data are downsampled to a constant spatial sampling of 1 cm/sample.…”