An Analysis of the Genetic Requirements for Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions to Transplantation Antigens in Mice

Streilein, J. Wayne; Billingham, R. E.

doi:10.1084/jem.131.2.409

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The fact that differences between BALB/c and DBA/2 are read as weak reactivities is encouraging in the light of related findings reported by Salaman et al . (22) and by Auerbach and Shalaby (23), and suggests that the host response to transfer of normal lymphocytes is not entirely restricted to H-2 incompatible combinations as suggested by Streilein and Billingham (14) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis: a quantitative and sensitive assay of the graft-vs.-host reaction.

Sidky¹,

Auerbach²

1975

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

250

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While progress in achieving quantitative measures of cellular immune responses has been rapid since the advent of various in vitro correlates of cell-mediated immunity (1-6), the need for a quick and precise measurement of such responses in vivo remains . Such measures as mean survival time after injection of immunocompetent cells into adult allogeneic irradiated hosts (cf. 7), for example, or mean graft survival time after skin transplantation suffer from excessive variability, length of time required for completion of the assay, and procedural difficulties . The induction of splenomegaly in neonatal recipients of allogeneic cells (8) is reasonably quantitative but operationally restrictive . Other assays such as enlargement of draining lymph nodes (9) or hepatic lymphoid infiltration (10), although more sensitive and more directly reflecting numbers of effector cells, are limited in applicability; the latter, moreover, requires histology. Local graft-vs .-host reactions have also been assessed by damage to the host kidney after injection of allogeneic immunocompetent cells under the kidney capsule (11), and by skin reactions elicited by intradermal inoculation of such cells (12) ; the latter has been called the normal lymphocyte transfer reaction (12, 13).The normal lymphocyte transfer reaction seemed to us to have the greatest potential advantage for an in vivo assessment of immunological disparity between donor and host. The extensive studies of Brent and Medawar (12,13) and of Billingham and his colleagues (14, 16) established the reaction as reflecting a local graft-vs .-host reaction . Their assessment of the strength of reaction was based on measurements of a local swelling, induration of the skin and erythema ; other adjuncts of inflammation have also been reported (17, 18) . Our own work has been directed at assessment of the host local vascular response which under appropriate experimental conditions can serve as a rapid, reliable, and quantitative measure of the activity of intracutaneously injected immunocompetent lymphocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…4, cf . also 14) . The presence of a halo either prevented the formation or detection of more vessels than observed at lower concentrations of cells; once this halo had cleared on the following days, however, an extensive network of blood vessels was observed ( Fig .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis: a quantitative and sensitive assay of the graft-vs.-host reaction.

Sidky¹,

Auerbach²

1975

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

250

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“…MIS locus products did not influence the intensity of the primary DTH to minor H antigens (Kwast et al, 1979;Wolters & Benner, 1979). Grafting of allogeneic skin may also result in the appearance of sensitized cells in the draining lymph nodes whose antigraft reactivity can be assayed by intracutaneous transfer into recipients identical to the donor strain of the graft (Brent et al, 1962;Streilein & Billingham, 1970). This immune lymphocyte transfer (ILT) causes a local graft-versus-host (GuH) reaction, characterized by oedema and infiltration, which is maximal at about 24 hr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This immune lymphocyte transfer (ILT) causes a local graft-versus-host (GuH) reaction, characterized by oedema and infiltration, which is maximal at about 24 hr. ILT-reactions to multiple minor H antigens or to a single minor H antigen can be demonstrated in mice (Streilein & Billingham, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H‐2‐restricted Recognition of Minor Histocompatibility Antigens in Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Kwast

1980

Int J Immunogenetics

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Summary Subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization of mice with viable allogeneic H‐2 compatible spleen cells can induce a persistent state of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to minor histocompatibility (H) antigens which can be evaluated with a footpad swelling assay. The importance of H‐2 compatibility of the injected spleen cells with the recipient for (1) the elicitation of the DTH‐reaction, (2) the induction of DTH‐related effector and memory T cells and (3) the activation of T memory cells was examined with congenic mouse strains. Spleen cells sharing either the K or D region of the H‐2 complex with the recipient could elicit strong DTH‐reactions to minor H antigens, though somewhat less than did fully H‐2 compatible allogeneic spleen cells. H‐2 incompatible cells or cells only sharing I‐region coded antigens elicited relatively weak, though significant, DTH‐reactivity to the minor H antigens. Similar H‐2 requirements for recipient mice were demonstrated in the immune lymphocyte transfer assay. Optimal induction of primary DTH and DTH‐related T memory cells for minor H antigens also required H‐2 identity of the immunizing cells and the recipient. To some extent, H‐2 incompatible cells were able to induce primary DTH‐reactivity and memory for minor H‐antigens. The secondary DTH‐reactivity was not or slightly dependent on the H‐2 haplotype of the cells used for booster injection. It is concluded that the DTH‐related effector cells are restricted in their recongnition of minor H antigens by K‐ or D‐region‐coded antigens. Presumably, macrophage processing of the allogeneic spleen cells after primary and secondary immunization accounts for the capacity of the minor H antigens to activate unprimed T cells and memory T cells when these antigens are presented on H‐2 incompatible cells.

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“…A local cutaneous lymphocyte transfer was performed according to Streilein and Billingham [1970]: 101 viable C57 cells in 50 were injected intracutaneously into the shaved back skin of C3H males; 3-4 cell injections of both sensitized and normal cells were given to the same animal. The reactions were read in 24-hour intervals up to 120 h, and graded in 5 degrees according to the size of the papules and their induration and ulceration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and Kinetics of Sensitized Cells in Different Tissue Compartments

Bröcker¹,

Müller-Ruchholtz²

1975

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The question was studied as to whether lymph nodes (LN), spleen (SP) and bone marrow (BM) contain different amounts of sensitized cells at various times after one or repeated immunizations. The following model was used: C57 mice were injected i.p. once, twice or three times with C3H cells. Between 3 and 20 days after the last immunization, LN, SP and BM cell suspensions were tested in vivo for their local cutaneous lymphocyte transfer reactivity in C3H mice and in vitro for their lymphocytotoxicity (partially after preincubation with anti-theta serum). In both test systems similar observations were made: after one sensitization, reactive cells were demonstrated first in the LN and then in the SP, but only during the next few days; BM cell reactivity appeared later. In the first few days after two sensitizations SP cells reacted strongly whereas LN and BM cells reacted weakly; later BM cell reactivity increased while the others decreased. After three sensitizations reactivity of the SP cells predominated during the entire period of observations; the BM cells showed less, the LN cells no reactivity. These findings suggest dependance of T cell-mediated reactivity on (1) the origin of the cells from LN, SP or BM, (2) the time of the harvesting from these tissues, and (3) the degree of sensitization.

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An Analysis of the Genetic Requirements for Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions to Transplantation Antigens in Mice

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis: a quantitative and sensitive assay of the graft-vs.-host reaction.

Lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis: a quantitative and sensitive assay of the graft-vs.-host reaction.

H‐2‐restricted Recognition of Minor Histocompatibility Antigens in Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Presence and Kinetics of Sensitized Cells in Different Tissue Compartments

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