An Analysis of the Marine Aggregate Extraction in Indonesia from Maritime Security Perspective

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to provide a legal analysis of marine aggregate extraction in Indonesia from the perspective of maritime security. Maritime security threats cover various illegal activities over the ocean. Current marine aggregate extraction in Indonesia has contributed to a new threat in ocean governance with regard to ocean mining. As the interest from both private companies and governments in a global scale towards the development of ocean mining continues to rise, there is a new arising question as to whether marine aggregate extraction will have negative effects on the maritime security in Indonesia. On the other hand, maritime delimitation as one of the concern of maritime security plays a major role in keeping peaceful relation among adjacent states. As states continue to mine in the ocean, the scarcity of natural resources needed might draw states to further explore and exploit in territories outside their own. While Indonesia has mining regulations in place, legislative framework concerning ocean mining is not ready yet. Meanwhile, statistic shows that Indonesian mining resources are listed at number 6 in the world. Therefore, responsible governance of seabed mineral developments across the region in accordance with international law is crucial. It is submitted that while ocean mining offers potential benefits for Indonesia, the practice of such activities might be the next frontier of maritime insecurity.